Bài tập: Giải phương trình
\(x^2-15x-6\sqrt{x-1}+74=0\) \(0\)
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\(x^6-6x^5+15x^4-20x^3+15x^2-6x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^6-x^5-5x^5+5x^4+10x^4-10x^3-10x^3+10x^2+5x^2-5x-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5\left(x-1\right)-5x^4\left(x-1\right)+10x^3\left(x-1\right)-10x^2\left(x-1\right)+5x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^5-5x^4+10x^3-10x^2+5x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[x^5-x^4-4x^4+4x^3+6x^3-6x^2-4x^2+4x+x-1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[x^4\left(x-1\right)-4x^3\left(x-1\right)+6x^2\left(x-1\right)-4x\left(x-1\right)+x-1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left[x^4-4x^3+6x^2-4x+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left[x^4-x^3-3x^3+3x^2+3x^2-3x-x+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3\left[x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3\left[x^3-x^2-2x^2+2x+x-1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^4\left[x^2-2x+1\right]=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^6=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Toàn bộ nghiệm của 3 pt này đều là nghiệm thực, không có nghiệm phức nào
a. \(x^2-3x-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{17}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b. \(x^4-5x^2+6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\\x^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\sqrt{2}\\x=\pm\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c. \(-x^2+4x+5=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Điều kiện để phương trình trở nên có nghĩa là : \(x^2-x-6\ge0\)
Đặt : \(\sqrt{x^2-x-6}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x-18=t^2-12\left(t^2-12\ge0\right)\)
Khi đó phương trình trở thành :
\(t^2-t-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=3\left(nhận\right)\\t=-4\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-6=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{61}}{2}\\x_2=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{61}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Vậy...\)
1) \(\sqrt[]{3x+7}-5< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{3x+7}< 5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+7\ge0\cap3x+7< 25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge-\dfrac{7}{3}\cap x< 6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{7}{3}\le x< 6\)
ĐKXĐ: $x \geq 2$
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-4\right).\sqrt{x-2}-2\left(x-4\right)+\left(x-2\right)\sqrt{x+1}-2\left(x-2\right)+6x-18=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2.\left(x-4\right).\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\left(x-2\right).\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+6.\left(x-3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\dfrac{2.\left(x-4\right)}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+6=0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2.\left(x-4\right)}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+6=\dfrac{2\left(x-4\right)+4.\sqrt{x-2}+4}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+2\\ =\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)+4.\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+2>0\)
Vậy....
a.
\(3\sqrt{-x^2+x+6}\ge2\left(1-2x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x^2+x+6\ge0\\1-2x< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-2x\ge0\\9\left(-x^2+x+6\right)\ge4\left(1-2x\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\le x\le3\\x>\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\\25\left(x^2-x-2\right)\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}< x\le3\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\\-1\le x\le2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le x\le3\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}-2\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2+8x+5-16x}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x^2-4x+5-4x}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-8x+5\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\(x^2-15x-6\sqrt{x-1}+74=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left(x-1\right)-6\sqrt{x-1}+9\right)+\left(x^2-16x+64\right)+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-3\right)^2+\left(x-8\right)^2+2=0\)
Ta có VT > 0; VP = 0 nên pt vô nghiệm