cho a,b,c>0 thỏa mãn a+b+c=1
Cm: \(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{a+c}\text{≤ \sqrt{6}}\)
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Easy!
\(A=\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left[\sqrt{\left(a+b\right).\frac{2}{3}}+\sqrt{\left(b+c\right).\frac{2}{3}}+\sqrt{\left(c+a\right).\frac{2}{3}}\right]\) (*)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ngược,ta có:
(*) \(\le\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left[\frac{a+b+\frac{2}{3}}{2}+\frac{b+c+\frac{2}{3}}{2}+\frac{c+a+\frac{2}{3}}{2}\right]\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\left(a+b+c+1\right)=\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}.2=\sqrt{6}^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=b+c=c+a=\frac{2}{3}\\a+b+c=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b^3+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(b+1\right)\left(b^2-b+1\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2a}{b+1+b^2-b+1}=\dfrac{2a}{b^2+2}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{2a}{b^2+2}+\dfrac{2b}{c^2+2}+\dfrac{2c}{a^2+2}=a-\dfrac{ab^2}{b^2+2}+b-\dfrac{bc^2}{c^2+2}+c-\dfrac{ca^2}{a^2+2}\)
\(VT\ge6-\left(\dfrac{ab^2}{b^2+2}+\dfrac{bc^2}{c^2+2}+\dfrac{ca^2}{c^2+2}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{ab^2}{b^2+2}=\dfrac{2ab^2}{2b^2+4}=\dfrac{2ab^2}{b^2+b^2+4}\le\dfrac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{4b^4}}=\dfrac{a}{3}\sqrt[3]{2b^2}=\dfrac{a}{3}\sqrt[3]{2.b.b}\le\dfrac{a}{9}\left(2+b+b\right)\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(VT\ge6-\left(\dfrac{2a}{9}\left(b+1\right)+\dfrac{2b}{9}\left(c+1\right)+\dfrac{2c}{9}\left(a+1\right)\right)\)
\(=6-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge6-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{2}{27}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có BĐT:\(\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge\left(axm+byn+czp\right)^3\)(Cách c/m bn có thể tìm trên mạng)
Áp dụng ta có:\(\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right).9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge\frac{1}{9}\)
Vì \(a,b,c\ge0;a+b+c=1\)\(\Rightarrow0\le a,b,c\le1\)
Đến đây làm tiếp nhé.
Sử dụng Cô-si đi cho đơn giản:
Dự đoán điểm rơi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(a\sqrt{a}+a\sqrt{a}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{3\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{3}a\)
Tương tự: \(b\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{b}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\ge\sqrt{3}b\); \(c\sqrt{c}+c\sqrt{c}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}\ge\sqrt{3}c\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(M\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}}{2}\)
\(M\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Từ 1a+1b+1c=0⇒ab+bc+ac=01a+1b+1c=0⇒ab+bc+ac=0
Khi đó:
(√a+c+√b+c)2=a+c+b+c+2√(a+c)(b+c)(a+c+b+c)2=a+c+b+c+2(a+c)(b+c)
=a+b+2c+2√ab+ac+bc+c2=a+b+2c+2√c2=a+b+2c+2ab+ac+bc+c2=a+b+2c+2c2
=a+b+2c+2|c|=a+b+2c+2|c|
Vì a,ba,b dương nên −1c=1a+1b>0⇒c<0⇒2|c|=−2c−1c=1a+1b>0⇒c<0⇒2|c|=−2c
Do đó:
(√a+c+√b+c)2=a+b+2c+2|c|=a+b+2c+(−2c)=a+b(a+c+b+c)2=a+b+2c+2|c|=a+b+2c+(−2c)=a+b
⇒√a+c+√b+c=√a+b
Từ 1a+1b+1c=0⇒ab+bc+ac=01a+1b+1c=0⇒ab+bc+ac=0
Khi đó:
(√a+c+√b+c)2=a+c+b+c+2√(a+c)(b+c)(a+c+b+c)2=a+c+b+c+2(a+c)(b+c)
=a+b+2c+2√ab+ac+bc+c2=a+b+2c+2√c2=a+b+2c+2ab+ac+bc+c2=a+b+2c+2c2
=a+b+2c+2|c|=a+b+2c+2|c|
Vì a,ba,b dương nên −1c=1a+1b>0⇒c<0⇒2|c|=−2c−1c=1a+1b>0⇒c<0⇒2|c|=−2c
Do đó:
(√a+c+√b+c)2=a+b+2c+2|c|=a+b+2c+(−2c)=a+b(a+c+b+c)2=a+b+2c+2|c|=a+b+2c+(−2c)=a+b
⇒√a+c+√b+c=√a+b
Đề đúng là: Cho \(a,b,c>0\) thỏa mãn \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{a+b-c}\)
Chứng minh \(\sqrt[2006]{a}+\sqrt[2006]{b}-\sqrt[2006]{c}=\sqrt[2006]{a+b-c}\)
Giải: Từ \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{a+b-c}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{a+b-c}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c+2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{bc}-2\sqrt{ca}=a+b-c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2c+2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{bc}-2\sqrt{ca}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(c-\sqrt{ca}\right)+\left(\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\sqrt{c}\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}\right)-\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{b}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}=0\) hoặc \(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{b}=0\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{a}\) hoặc \(\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{b}\)
- Nếu \(\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{a}\) thì \(\sqrt[2006]{a}+\sqrt[2006]{b}-\sqrt[2006]{c}=\sqrt[2006]{b}=\sqrt[2006]{a+b-c}\)
- Nếu \(\sqrt{c}=\sqrt{b}\) thì \(\sqrt[2006]{a}+\sqrt[2006]{b}-\sqrt[2006]{c}=\sqrt[2006]{a}=\sqrt[2006]{a+b-c}\)
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