\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y-1}=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\\\dfrac{2}{x+1}-\dfrac{3}{y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
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8 tháng 1 2018
\(a.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=12\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y≠0
Đặt ẩn phụ : a = \(\dfrac{1}{x}\) ; b = \(\dfrac{1}{y}\)
Thay vào (1) ta được :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+b=12\\a+b=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a=15\\a+b=-3\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\b=-8\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{1}{5};-\dfrac{1}{8}\))}
\(b.\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\dfrac{1}{x}+2\dfrac{1}{y}=6\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (2)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y≠0
Đặt ẩn phụ : a = 1/x ; b = 1/y
Thay vào (2) ta được : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5a+2b=6\\2a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5a+2b=6\\4a-2b=6\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9a=12\\2a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{4}{3}\\b=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{3}{4};-3\) )}
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\dfrac{1}{x}-6\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y ≠0
Áp dụng quy tác cộng đại số ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\dfrac{1}{x}-6\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\dfrac{1}{x}-6\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\3\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=15\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=-13\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{3}{13}\\x=\dfrac{3}{28}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{3}{28};\dfrac{3}{13}\))}
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-4\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐK xác định : x≠0 ; y≠0
áp dụng quy tắc cộng đại số ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-4\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\dfrac{1}{x}-8\dfrac{1}{y}=10\\2\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5\dfrac{1}{y}=9\\\dfrac{1}{x}-4\dfrac{1}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{5}{9}\\x=-\dfrac{5}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(-\dfrac{5}{11};-\dfrac{5}{9}\))}
e) ĐK xác định x≠0 ; y≠0
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=4\\6\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=4\\18\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=6\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-17\dfrac{1}{x}=-2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-3\dfrac{1}{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{17}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{17}{22}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(\(\dfrac{17}{2};-\dfrac{17}{22}\))}
23 tháng 1
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{35}-y=2\\y-\dfrac{x}{50}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-35y}{35}=2\\\dfrac{50y-x}{50}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-35y=70\\-x+50y=50\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}15y=120\\x-35y=70\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=8\\x=70+35y=70+35\cdot8=350\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: ĐKXĐ: x<>0 và y<>0
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{16}\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{6}{y}=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=\dfrac{3}{16}\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{6}{y}=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{3}{y}=\dfrac{3}{16}-\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{-1}{16}\\\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{16}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=48\\\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{48}=\dfrac{2}{48}=\dfrac{1}{24}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=24\\y=48\end{matrix}\right.\left(nhận\right)\)
26 tháng 11 2023
a: ĐKXĐ: x<>-1 và y<>-1
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{x+1}+\dfrac{y}{y+1}=2\\\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{3}{y+1}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x+2-2}{x+1}+\dfrac{y+1-1}{y+1}=2\\\dfrac{x+1-1}{x+1}+\dfrac{3}{y+1}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2-\dfrac{2}{x+1}+1-\dfrac{1}{y+1}=2\\1-\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{3}{y+1}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{-2}{x+1}+\dfrac{-1}{y+1}=2-3=-1\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{3}{y-1}=1+1=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{-2}{x+1}+\dfrac{-1}{y+1}=-1\\\dfrac{2}{x+1}-\dfrac{6}{y-1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{7}{y-1}=3\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{3}{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-\dfrac{7}{3}\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}-3:\dfrac{-7}{3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}+3\cdot\dfrac{3}{7}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}=2-\dfrac{9}{7}=\dfrac{5}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\x+1=\dfrac{7}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\x=\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\left(nhận\right)\)
b: ĐKXĐ: y<>0 và y<>-12
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y}-\dfrac{x}{y+12}=1\\\dfrac{x}{y+12}-\dfrac{x}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y}-\dfrac{x}{y+12}=1\\\dfrac{x}{y}-\dfrac{x}{y+12}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\cdot\dfrac{x}{y+12}=3\left(vôlý\right)\\\dfrac{x}{y}-\dfrac{x}{y+12}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(\left(x,y\right)\in\varnothing\)
d: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< >1\\y< >1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{y-1}+\dfrac{3y}{x-1}=1\\\dfrac{2y}{x-1}-\dfrac{5x}{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{y-1}+\dfrac{3y}{x-1}=1\\\dfrac{5x}{y-1}-\dfrac{2y}{x-1}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4x}{y-1}+\dfrac{6y}{x-1}=2\\\dfrac{15x}{y-1}-\dfrac{6y}{x-1}=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{19x}{y-1}=-4\\\dfrac{2x}{y-1}+\dfrac{3y}{x-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y-1}=\dfrac{-19}{4}\\2\cdot\dfrac{-19}{4}+\dfrac{3y}{x-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x=-19\left(y-1\right)\\\dfrac{3y}{x-1}=1+\dfrac{19}{2}=\dfrac{21}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+19y=19\\\dfrac{y}{x-1}=\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+19y=19\\7x-7=2y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+19y=19\\7x-2y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x+38y=38\\133x-38y=133\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}141x=171\\7x-2y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{171}{141}\\2y=7x-7=\dfrac{70}{47}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{171}{141}=\dfrac{57}{47}\\y=\dfrac{35}{47}\end{matrix}\right.\left(nhận\right)\)
14 tháng 6 2022
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=5\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=5\\\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{8}{y}=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{11}{y}=11\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\\dfrac{1}{x}=-3+\dfrac{4}{y}=-3+4=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{12}{x-3}-\dfrac{5}{y+2}=63\\\dfrac{8}{x-3}+\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{36}{x-3}-\dfrac{15}{y+2}=189\\\dfrac{8}{x-3}+\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{44}{x-3}=176\\\dfrac{8}{x-3}+\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{15}{y+2}=-13-\dfrac{8}{x-3}=-13-32=-45\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{13}{4}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}-2=-\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
11 tháng 12 2022
1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{2}{y}=2\\-\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{4}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{6}{y}=3\\\left|x-1\right|=2-\dfrac{2}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\\left|x-1\right|=2-\dfrac{2}{2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x\in\left\{2;0\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left|x-1\right|-\dfrac{5}{y-1}=-3\\\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{2}{y-1}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left|x-1\right|-\dfrac{5}{y-1}=-3\\2\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{4}{y-1}=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{9}{y-1}=-9\\\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{2}{y-1}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\\left|x-1\right|=3-\dfrac{2}{2}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x\in\left\{3;-1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x-5}+\dfrac{12}{\sqrt{y}-2}=4\\\dfrac{2}{x-5}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}-2}=-9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{13}{\sqrt{y}-2}=13\\\dfrac{1}{x-5}=2-\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{y}-2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=9\\\dfrac{1}{x-5}=2-\dfrac{6}{3-2}=2-\dfrac{6}{1}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=9\\x-5=-\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{4}\\y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
CW
17 tháng 1 2018
hỏi trước tí, bạn biết giải cái hệ này chứ?
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=3\\2x-3y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
27 tháng 7 2021
a.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x^3+3xy^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2=\dfrac{1}{2}-x^2\\x^3+3xy^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+3x\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-x^2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^3-3x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(x=-1\) thế vào pt đầu: \(1+y^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y^2=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) (vô nghiệm)
- Với \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\) thế vào pt đầu: \(\dfrac{1}{4}+y^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=\pm\dfrac{1}{2}\)
HN
27 tháng 7 2021
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x^3+3xy^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Dễ thấy x = 0 không phải nghiệm ta nhân tử mẫu phương trình đầu cho 3x thì được
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x^3+3xy^2=\dfrac{3x}{2}\left(1\right)\\x^3+3xy^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lấy (1) - (2) thì đơn giản rồi ha
ĐKXĐ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\y\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giả sử \(x>-1\) và \(y>1\), khi đó \(x+1>0\) và \(y-1>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\), ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y-1}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+1+y-1}=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x+1=y-1\Leftrightarrow y=x+2\)
Thay vào pt thứ 2, ta có \(\dfrac{2}{x+1}-\dfrac{3}{2x-1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x-2-3x-3}{2x^2-x+2x-1}=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-5}{2x^2+x-1}=1\)\(\Rightarrow2x^2+x-1=x-5\Leftrightarrow2x^2=-4\) (vô lí)
Do đó ta loại trường hợp \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>-1\\y>1\end{matrix}\right.\), tức cả 2 điều này không thể xảy ra cùng lúc.
Xét trường hợp \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\y< 1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1< 0\\y-1< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x+1\right)>0\\-\left(y-1\right)>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ đó \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y-1}=-\left(\dfrac{1}{-x-1}+\dfrac{1}{1-y}\right)\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{-x-1}+\dfrac{1}{1-y}\ge\dfrac{4}{-x-1+1-y}=-\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(\dfrac{1}{-x-1}+\dfrac{1}{1-y}\right)\le\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y-1}\le\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(-x-1=1-y\Leftrightarrow y=x+2\)
Tương tự như trường hợp trên, ta thay vào pt (2) và loại trường hợp \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\y< 1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có thể kết luận rằng \(x+1\) và \(y-1\)phải trái dấu
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)< 0\Leftrightarrow xy-x+y-1< 0\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=x+1\\b=y-1\end{matrix}\right.\) (điều kiện \(ab< 0\)), hpt đã cho trở thành \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{4}{a+b}\\\dfrac{2}{a}-\dfrac{3}{b}=1\end{matrix}\right.\), xét \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=4ab\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)\(\Leftrightarrow ab>0\) (trái với \(ab< 0\))
Vậy hpt đã cho vô nghiệm.