A= ( 1/2017+ 2/2016+ 3/2015+...+ 2015/3+ 2016/2+ 2017) : ( 1/2+1/3+1/4+...+1/2017+1/2018)
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Đặt \(S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}}{\frac{2017}{1}+\frac{2016}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2017}}\)
Biến đổi mẫu
\(\frac{2017}{1}+\frac{2016}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=\left(2017+1\right)+\left(\frac{2016}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2017}+1\right)-2017\)
\(=2018+\frac{2018}{2}+...+\frac{2018}{2017}+\frac{2018}{2018}-2018\)
\(=2018.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}}{2018.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)}=\frac{1}{2018}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{2}{2016}+\dfrac{3}{2015}+...+\dfrac{2016}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{1}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2017}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{2016}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{2015}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{2016}{2}+1\right)+1}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{2018}{2017}+\dfrac{2018}{2016}+\dfrac{2018}{2015}+...+\dfrac{2018}{2}+\dfrac{2018}{2018}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{2018\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}=2018\)
Cách 1:
Xét số bị trừ, ta có:
(2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2016/2017) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016 + 2016/2017) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) + 2016/2017 x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
Xét số trừ, ta có:
(1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2016/2017) x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016 + 2016/2017) x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) + 2016/2017 x (2/3 +3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) =
Ta thấy số bị trừ và số trừ có số hạng giống nhau là:
(2/3 +3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
Nên phép trừ trên có thể viết lại:
2016/2017 x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) - 2016/2017 x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)
= 2016/2017 x [(1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) - (2/3 +3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)]
= 2016/2017 x 1/2
= 1008/2017
Cách 2:
Cách 1:
Xét số bị trừ, ta có:
(2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2016/2017) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016 + 2016/2017) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) + 2016/2017 x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
Xét số trừ, ta có:
(1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2016/2017) x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016 + 2016/2017) x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)
= (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) + 2016/2017 x (2/3 +3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) =
Ta thấy số bị trừ và số trừ có số hạng giống nhau là:
(2/3 +3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016) x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016)
Nên phép trừ trên có thể viết lại:
2016/2017 x (1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) - 2016/2017 x (2/3 + 3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)
= 2016/2017 x [(1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + ... + 2015/2016) - (2/3 +3/4 + 4/5 + ... + 2015/2016)]
= 2016/2017 x 1/2
= 1008/2017
Cách 2:
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