phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử a/ 9a3-13a+6 b/ x4-4x3+8x+3 c/ a2(1+a)-b2(1-b)-a2b2(a+b)
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Lời giải:
a.
\(-16a^4b^6-24a^5b^5-9a^6b^4=-[(4a^2b^3)^2+2.(4a^2b^3).(3a^3b^2)+(3a^3b^2)^2]\)
\(=-(4a^2b^3+3a^3b^2)^2=-[a^2b^2(4b+3a)]^2\)
\(=-a^4b^4(3a+4b)^2\)
b.
$x^3-6x^2y+12xy^2-8x^3$
$=x^3-3.x^2.2y+3.x(2y)^2-(2y)^3=(x-2y)^3$
c.
$x^3+\frac{3}{2}x^2+\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{1}{8}$
$=x^3+3.x^2.\frac{1}{2}+3.x.\frac{1}{2^2}+(\frac{1}{2})^3$
$=(x+\frac{1}{2})^3$
a) Ta có: \(-16a^4b^6-24a^5b^5-9a^6b^4\)
\(=-a^4b^4\left(16b^2+24ab+9a^2\right)\)
\(=-a^4b^4\cdot\left(4b+3a\right)^2\)
b) Ta có: \(x^3-6x^2y+12xy^2-8y^3\)
\(=x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot2y+3\cdot x\cdot\left(2y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^3\)
c) Ta có: \(x^3+\dfrac{3}{2}x^2+\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+3\cdot x\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
a) \(x^4+8x+63\)
\(=x^4+4x^3+9x^2-4x^3-16x^2-36x+7x^2+28x+63\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+4x+9\right)-4x\left(x^2+4x+9\right)+7\left(x^2+4x+9\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x+9\right)\left(x^2-4x+7\right)\)
c) \(\left(x^2+2x+7\right)+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(x^2+2x+3\right)\left(1\right)\)
Ta có : \(x^3-8=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2x+4=\dfrac{x^3-8}{x-2}\)
\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-8}{x-2}+3\right)\right]+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-8}{x-2}-1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-3x-14}{x-2}\right)\right]+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-2x-5}{x-2}\right)\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-2}\left[x^3-3x-14+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(x^3-2x-5\right)\right]\)
2/ (b4 - 4b2 + 4) - 9a2 = (b2 - 2)2 - 9a2 = (b2 - 2 + 3a)(b2 - 2 - 3a)
a) \(9\left(a+b\right)^2-4\left(a-2b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3a+3b\right)^2-\left(2a-4b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3a+3b-2a+4b\right)\left(3a+3b+2a-4b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+7b\right)\left(5a-b\right)\)
b) \(9x^6-12x^7+4x^8\)
\(=x^6\left(9-12x+4x^2\right)\)
\(=x^6\left(2x-3\right)^2\)
c) \(8x^6-27y^3\)
\(=\left(2x^2\right)^3-\left(3y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(2x^2-3y\right)\left(4x^4+6x^2y+9y^2\right)\)
d) \(\frac{1}{64}x^6-125y^3\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{4}x^2\right)^3-\left(5y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{4}x^2-5y\right)\left(\frac{1}{16}x^4+\frac{5}{6}xy+25y^2\right)\)
a: \(x^2-9-x^2\left(x^2-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-9\right)-x^2\left(x^2-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-9\right)\left(1-x^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b: \(x^2\left(x-y\right)+y^2\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-y\right)-y^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\cdot\left(x+y\right)\)
c: \(x^3+27+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9+x-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-2x\right)=x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
d: \(x^2+5x+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+3x+6\)
\(=x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
e: \(3x^2-4x-4\)
\(=3x^2-6x+2x-4\)
\(=3x\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)\)
g: \(x^4+64y^4\)
\(=x^4+16x^2y^2+64y^4-16x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+8y^2\right)^2-\left(4xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+8y^2-4xy\right)\left(x^2+8y^2+4xy\right)\)
h: \(a^2+b^2+2a-2b-2ab\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2+2a-2b\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-b+2\right)\)
i: \(\left(x+1\right)^2-2\left(x+1\right)\left(y-3\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+1-y+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+4\right)^2\)
k: \(x^2\left(x+1\right)-2x\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\)
a/ 9a^3 - 13a + 6 = 9a^3 - 6a^2 + 6a^2 - 4a - 9a + 6 = (9a^3 - 6a^2) + (6a^2 - 4a) - (9a - 6) = 3a^2(3a - 2) + 2a(3a - 2) - 3(3a - 2) = (3a^2 + 2a - 3)(3a - 2) Mình gửi luôn cho nóng^^Được câu nào hay câu đó. Yên tâm mình sẽ cố nghĩ &gửi nốt :)))
b/x^4 - 4x^3 + 8x + 3 = x^4 - 3x^3 - x^3 + 3x^2 - 3x^2 + 9x - x + 3 = (x^4 - 3x^3) - (x^3 - 3x^2) - (3x^2 - 9x) - (x - 3) = x^3(x - 3) - x^2(x - 3) - 3x(x - 3) - (x - 3) = (x^3 - x^2 - 3x - 1)(x - 3) Mình đang cố nghĩ nốt con c đây, có vẻ khó^^