cho a/b=c/d .CMR
a2+2b2/c2+2d2=a2-3b2/c2-3d2
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`a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+1>=a+b+c+d`
`<=>4(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+1)>=4a+4b+4c+4d`
`<=>4a^2-4a+1+4b^2-4b+1+4c^2-4c+1+4d^2-4d+1>=0`
`<=>(2a-1)^2+(2b-1)^2+(2c-1)^2+(2d-1)^2>=0`(luôn đúng)
`=>a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+1>=a+b+c+d`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `2a-1=2b-1=2c-1=2d-1=0<=>a=b=c=d=1/2`
P≤√a2+2√aab+2b2+√b2+2√2bc+2c2+√c2+2√2ca+2a2P≤a2+2aab+2b2+b2+22bc+2c2+c2+22ca+2a2
P≤√(a+√2b)2+√(b+√2c)2+√(c+√2a)2P≤(a+2b)2+(b+2c)2+(c+2a)2
P≤(1+√2)(a+b+c)=1+√2P≤(1+2)(a+b+c)=1+2
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi (a;b;c)=(0;0;1)(a;b;c)=(0;0;1) và các hoán vị
Ta có: a+b+c=0
nên a+b=-c
Ta có: \(a^2-b^2-c^2\)
\(=a^2-\left(b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=a^2-\left[\left(b+c\right)^2-2bc\right]\)
\(=a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2+2bc\)
\(=\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+2bc\)
\(=2bc\)
Ta có: \(b^2-c^2-a^2\)
\(=b^2-\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)
\(=b^2-\left[\left(c+a\right)^2-2ca\right]\)
\(=b^2-\left(c+a\right)^2+2ca\)
\(=\left(b-c-a\right)\left(b+c+a\right)+2ca\)
\(=2ac\)
Ta có: \(c^2-a^2-b^2\)
\(=c^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(=c^2-\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab\right]\)
\(=c^2-\left(a+b\right)^2+2ab\)
\(=\left(c-a-b\right)\left(c+a+b\right)+2ab\)
\(=2ab\)
Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-a^2-b^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\)
Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-cb+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
Thay \(a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\) vào biểu thức \(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\), ta được:
\(M=\dfrac{-3ab\left(a+b\right)}{2abc}=\dfrac{-3\left(a+b\right)}{2c}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3\cdot\left(-c\right)}{2c}=\dfrac{3c}{2c}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy: \(M=\dfrac{3}{2}\)