Chứng minh rằng
1+5+52+53+...+59/1+5+52+53+...+58 > 1+3+32+...+39/1+3+32+33+...+38
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a) \(3.5^2+15.2^2-26\div2\)
= 3.25 + 15.4 - 13
= 75 + 60 - 13
= 135 - 13
= 122
b) \(5^3.2-100\div4+2^3.5\)
= 125.2 - 25 + 8.5
= 250 - 25 + 40
= 225 + 40
= 265
c)\(6^2\div9+50.2-3^3.33\)
= 36 : 9 + 100 - 9.33
= 4 + 100 - 297
= 104 - 297
= -193
d)\(3^2.5+2^3.10-81\div3\)
= 9.5 + 8.10 - 27
= 45 + 80 - 27
= 125 - 27
= 98
e) \(5^{13}\div5^{10}-25.2^2\)
= 53 - 25.4
= 125 - 100
= 25
f) \(20\div2^2+5^9\div5^8\)
= 20 : 4 + 5
= 5 + 5
= 10
Lời giải:
a. Ta thấy:
$3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{99}\vdots 3$
$1\not\vdots 3$
$\Rightarrow A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{99}\not\vdots 3$
$\Rightarrow A\not\vdots 9$
b.
$A=(5+5^2)+(5^3+5^4)+...+(5^{39}+5^{40})$
$=5(1+5)+5^3(1+5)+...+5^{39}(1+5)$
$=5.6+5^3.6+....+5^{39}.6$
$=6(5+5^3+...+5^{39})$
$=2.3.(5+5^3+...+5^{39})$
$\Rightarrow A\vdots 2$ và $A\vdots 3$
\(A=2+2^2+...+2^{20}\)
\(2A=2^2+2^3+...+2^{21}\)
\(2A-A=2^2+2^3+...+2^{21}-2-2^2-...-2^{20}\)
\(A=2^{21}-2\)
___________
\(B=5+5^2+...+5^{50}\)
\(5B=5^2+5^3+...+5^{51}\)
\(5B-B=5^2+5^3+...+5^{51}-5-5^2-...-5^{50}\)
\(4B=5^{51}-5\)
\(B=\dfrac{5^{51}-5}{4}\)
___________
\(C=1+3+3^2+...+3^{100}\)
\(3C=3+3^2+...+3^{101}\)
\(3C-C=3+3^2+...+3^{101}-1-3-3^2-...-3^{100}\)
\(2C=3^{101}-1\)
\(C=\dfrac{3^{101}-1}{2}\)
a) \(S=1+2+2^2+..+2^{2022}\)
\(2S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}\)
\(2S-S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{2022}\)
\(S=2^{2023}-1\)
b) \(S=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)
\(3S=3^2+3^3+...+3^{2023}\)
\(3S-S=3^2+3^3+....+3^{2023}-3-3^2-...-3^{2022}\)
\(2S=3^{2023}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{3^{2023}-3}{2}\)
c) \(S=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{2022}\)
\(4S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}\)
\(4S-S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}-4-4^2-...-4^{2022}\)
\(3S=4^{2023}-4\)
\(S=\dfrac{4^{2023}-4}{3}\)
d) \(S=5+5^2+...+5^{2022}\)
\(5S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}\)
\(5S-S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}-5-5^2-...-5^{2022}\)
\(4S=5^{2023}-5\)
\(S=\dfrac{5^{2023}-5}{4}\)
Bài 1:
$B=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}$
$=1+(3+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+...+(3^{99}+3^{100})$
$=1+3(1+3)+3^3(1+3)+...+3^{99}(1+3)$
$=1+(1+3)(3+3^3+...+3^{99})=1+4(3+3^3+....+3^{99})$
$\Rightarrow B$ chia 4 dư 1.
Bài 2:
$C=5-5^2+5^3-5^4+...+5^{2023}-5^{2024}$
$5C=5^2-5^3+5^4-5^5+...+5^{2024}-5^{2025}$
$\Rightarrow C+5C=5-5^{2025}$
$6C=5-5^{2025}$
$C=\frac{5-5^{2025}}{6}$
a) \(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+...+2^{51}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=2+2^2+...+2^{51}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{50}=2^{51}-1\)
b) \(B=1+3+3^2+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=3+3^2+...+3^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=3B-B=3+3^2+...+3^{101}-1-3-3^2-...-3^{100}=3^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3^{101}-1}{2}\)
c) \(C=5+5^2+...+5^{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow5C=5^2+5^3+...+5^{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow4C=5C-C=5^2+5^3+...+5^{31}-5-5^2-...-5^{30}=5^{31}-5\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\dfrac{5^{31}-5}{4}\)
d) \(D=2^{100}-2^{99}+2^{98}-...+2^2-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=2^{101}-2^{100}+2^{99}-...+2^3-2^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=2D+D=2^{101}-2^{100}+2^{99}-...+2^3-2^2+2^{100}-2^{99}+...+2^2-2=2^{101}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{2^{101}-2}{3}\)