Question

[phi long trần]

Cho tam giác ABC Có AB+AC=13 ,r=\(\sqrt{3}\) góc A = 60độ tính BC

Answer 1

[Khôi Bùi]

Đặt AB = c ; AC = b ; BC = a . 

Ta có : \(b+c=13\)  ; \(r=\dfrac{S}{p}=\sqrt{3}\)  ( p \(=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) ) 

Có : \(S=\sqrt{p\left(p-a\right)\left(p-b\right)\left(p-c\right)}\) nên : \(r=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(p-a\right)\left(p-b\right)\left(p-c\right)}{p}}=\sqrt{3}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left(p-a\right)\left(p-b\right)\left(p-c\right)=3p\)   

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{-a+b+c}{2}\right)\left(\dfrac{-b+a+c}{2}\right)\left(\dfrac{-c+a+b}{2}\right)=\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-a+b+c\right)\left(-b+a+c\right)\left(-c+a+b\right)=12\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-a+13\right)\left(-b+a+c\right)\left(-c+a+b\right)=12\left(13+a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-a+13\right)\left[a^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\right]=12\left(13+a\right)\)   (2)

Có : \(\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=cosA=cos60^o=\dfrac{1}{2}\)  \(\Rightarrow b^2+c^2-a^2=bc\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2=b^2+c^2-bc\)  (1) 

Mặt khác :  \(b+c=13\Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2-bc+3bc=169\Leftrightarrow a^2=169-3bc\)

Từ (1) ; (2) suy ra : \(\left(-a+13\right)bc=12\left(13+a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-a+13\right)\left(169-a^2\right)=36\left(13+a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(13-a\right)^2\left(13+a\right)=36\left(13+a\right)\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(13-a\right)^2=36\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}13-a=6\\13-a=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=7\\a=19>13=b+c\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

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