Rút gọn đơn thức :
a) (x −52 y) . ( −13 x3)
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Q = x - y 3 + y + x 3 + y - x 3 – 3xy(x + y)
= x 3 – 3 x 2 y + 3x y 2 – y 3 + y 3 + 3 y 2 .x + 3y x 2 + x 3 + y 3 – 3 y 2 .x +3y x 2 – x 3 – 3 x 2 y – 3x y 2
= x 3 – 3 x 2 y + 3x y 2 – y 3 + y 3 + 3.x y 2 + 3 x 2 .y + x 3 + y 3 – 3x. y 2 + 3 x 2 .y – x 3 – 3 x 2 y – 3x y 2
= ( x 3 + x 3 – x 3 )+ ( - 3 x 2 y + 3 x 2 y+ 3 x 2 y – 3 x 2 y)+ (3x y 2 + 3x y 2 - 3x y 2 - 3x y 2 ) + (- y 3 + y 3 + y 3 )
= x 3 + 0 x 2 y + 0.x y 2 + y 3
= x 3 + y 3
Bài 13:
a) \(501^2\)
\(=\left(500+1\right)^2\)
\(=500^2+2\cdot500\cdot1+1^2\)
\(=250000+1000+1\)
\(=251001\)
b) \(88^2+24\cdot88+12^2\)
\(=88^2+2\cdot12\cdot88+12^2\)
\(=\left(88+12\right)^2\)
\(=100^2\)
\(=10000\)
c) \(52\cdot48\)
\(=\left(50+2\right)\left(50-2\right)\)
\(=50^2-2^2\)
\(=2500-4\)
\(=2496\)
Bài 14:
a) \(P=\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(P=\left(2x\right)^3-1+x^3+1\)
\(P=8x^3+x^3\)
\(P=9x^3\)
b) \(Q=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+2y^3\)
\(Q=x^3-y^3-x^3-y^3+2y^3\)
\(Q=-2y^3+2y^3\)
\(Q=0\)
Lời giải:
\(A=\frac{x^3-y^3-z^3-3xyz}{(x+y)^2+(y-z)^2+(x+z)^2}=\frac{(x-y)^3+3xy(x-y)-z^3-3xyz}{x^2+y^2+2xy+y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2+x^2+2xz}\)
\(=\frac{(x-y)^3-z^3+3xy(x-y-z)}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2xy-2yz+2xz}=\frac{(x-y-z)[(x-y)^2+z(x-y)+z^2]+3xy(x-y-z)}{2(x^2+y^2+xy-yz+xz)}\)
\(=\frac{(x-y-z)[(x-y)^2+z(x-y)+z^2+3xy]}{2(x^2+y^2+xy-yz+xz)}=\frac{(x-y-z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy-yz+xz)}{2(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy-yz+xz)}=\frac{x-y-z}{2}\)
Câu 4:
\(=\dfrac{a\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)}{a\left(a+b\right)-c\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}\)
Ta có:
x3(x+2) – x(x3 + 23) – 2x(x2 – 22)
= x3 . x + x3 . 2 – (x . x3 + x . 23) – ( 2x . x2 – 2x . 22)
= x4 + 2x3 – (x4 + 8x ) – (2x3 – 8x)
= x4 + 2x3 – x4 – 8x – 2x3 + 8x
= (x4 – x4) + (2x3 – 2x3) + (-8x + 8x)
= 0