Tìm GTLN, GTNN:
a. x - x2
b. 4x - x2 + 3
Ghi giùm mình cách làm luôn ạ
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1.
Đặt \(x-2=t\ne0\Rightarrow x=t+2\)
\(B=\dfrac{4\left(t+2\right)^2-6\left(t+2\right)+1}{t^2}=\dfrac{4t^2+10t+5}{t^2}=\dfrac{5}{t^2}+\dfrac{2}{t}+4=5\left(\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{5}\ge\dfrac{19}{5}\)
\(B_{min}=\dfrac{19}{5}\) khi \(t=-5\) hay \(x=-3\)
2.
Đặt \(x-1=t\ne0\Rightarrow x=t+1\)
\(C=\dfrac{\left(t+1\right)^2+4\left(t+1\right)-14}{t^2}=\dfrac{t^2+6t-9}{t^2}=-\dfrac{9}{t^2}+\dfrac{6}{t}+1=-\left(\dfrac{3}{t}-1\right)^2+2\le2\)
\(C_{max}=2\) khi \(t=3\) hay \(x=4\)
a) \(N=-1-x-x^2=-\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}=-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{4}\le-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(maxN=-\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(B=3x^2+4x-13=3\left(x^2+\dfrac{4}{3}x+\dfrac{4}{9}\right)-\dfrac{35}{3}=3\left(x+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2-\dfrac{35}{3}\ge-\dfrac{35}{3}\)
\(minB=-\dfrac{35}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
a: Ta có: \(N=-x^2-x-1\)
\(=-\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{4}\le-\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b: ta có: \(B=3x^2+4x-13\)
\(=3\left(x^2+\dfrac{4}{3}x-\dfrac{13}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{43}{9}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2-\dfrac{43}{3}\ge-\dfrac{43}{3}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
a.
Tìm min:
$y=(4\sin ^2x-4\sin x+1)+2=(2\sin x-1)^2+2$
Vì $(2\sin x-1)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x$ nên $y=(2\sin x-1)^2+2\geq 0+2=2$
Vậy $y_{\min}=2$
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Mặt khác:
$y=4\sin x(\sin x+1)-8(\sin x+1)+11$
$=(\sin x+1)(4\sin x-8)+11$
$=4(\sin x+1)(\sin x-2)+11$
Vì $\sin x\in [-1;1]\Rightarrow \sin x+1\geq 0; \sin x-2<0$
$\Rightarrow 4(\sin x+1)(\sin x-2)\leq 0$
$\Rightarrow y=4(\sin x+1)(\sin x-2)+11\leq 11$
Vậy $y_{\max}=11$
b.
$y=\cos ^2x+2\sin x+2=1-\sin ^2x+2\sin x+2$
$=3-\sin ^2x+2\sin x$
$=4-(\sin ^2x-2\sin x+1)=4-(\sin x-1)^2\leq 4-0=4$
Vậy $y_{\max}=4$.
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Mặt khác:
$y=3-\sin ^2x+2\sin x = (1-\sin ^2x)+(2+2\sin x)$
$=(1-\sin x)(1+\sin x)+2(1+\sin x)=(1+\sin x)(1-\sin x+2)$
$=(1+\sin x)(3-\sin x)$
Vì $\sin x\in [-1;1]$ nên $1+\sin x\geq 0; 3-\sin x>0$
$\Rightarrow y=(1+\sin x)(3-\sin x)\geq 0$
Vậy $y_{\min}=0$
b: Ta có: \(B=-2x^2+4x+1\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-2x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-2x+1-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x-1\right)^2+3\le3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
`A=x^2-4x+1`
`=x^2-4x+4-3`
`=(x-2)^2-3>=-3`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=2
`B=4x^2+4x+11`
`=4x^2+4x+1+10`
`=(2x+1)^2+10>=10`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=-1/2`
`C=(x-1)(x+3)(x+2)(x+6)`
`=[(x-1)(x+6)][(x+3)(x+2)]`
`=(x^2+5x-6)(x^2+5x+6)`
`=(x^2+5x)^2-36>=-36`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=0\or\x=-5`
`D=5-8x-x^2`
`=21-16-8x-x^2`
`=21-(x^2+8x+16)`
`=21-(x+4)^2<=21`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=-4`
`E=4x-x^2+1`
`=5-4+4-x^2`
`=5-(x^2-4x+4)`
`=5-(x-2)^2<=5`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=5`
Bài 1:
a: \(A=x^2+2x+4\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+1=0
=>x=-1
Vậy: \(A_{min}=3\) khi x=-1
b: \(B=x^2-20x+101\)
\(=x^2-20x+100+1\)
\(=\left(x-10\right)^2+1>=1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-10=0
=>x=10
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi x=10
c: \(C=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+8\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4+3\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0 và y+2=0
=>x=1 và y=-2
Vậy: \(C_{min}=3\) khi (x,y)=(1;-2)
Bài 2:
a: \(A=5-8x-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x\right)+5\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-16\right)+5\)
\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+16+5=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21< =21\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+4=0
=>x=-4
b: \(B=x-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-x\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}< =\dfrac{1}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c: \(C=4x-x^2+3\)
\(=-x^2+4x-4+7\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7< =7\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0
=>x=2
d: \(D=-x^2+6x-11\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9+2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2< =-2\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-3=0
=>x=3
Do (x-5)^2012 >= 0 và /x-2/>=0
=> (x-5)^2012 + /x-2/ +2014 >= 2014
=> min A = 2014
a) \(A=x-x^2=\frac{1}{4}-\left(\frac{1}{4}-x+x^2\right)=\frac{1}{4}-\left(\frac{1}{2}-x\right)^2\le\frac{1}{4}\forall x\)
GTNN của A = 1/4 khi x = 1/2.
b) \(B=4x-x^2+3=7-\left(4-4x+x^2\right)=7-\left(2-x\right)^2\le7\forall x\)
GTNN của B = 7 khi x = 2.