Phân tích thành nhân tử bằng hằng đẳng thức:
\(6x-9-x^2\)
\(\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
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\(\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2=\left(2x+1-x+1\right)\left(2x+1+x-1\right)=\left(x+2\right)3x\)
TL:
\(\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x+1+x-1\right)\left(2x+1-x+1\right)\)
\(=3x.\left(x+2\right)\)
a) \(x^2-8y^2+6x+9\)
\(=\left(x^2+6x+9\right)-8y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{8}\cdot y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3+\sqrt{8}y\right)\left(x+3-\sqrt{8}y\right)\)
a) 9 -(x-y)2
= 32 - (x-y)2
= (3-x+y).(3+x-y)
b) (x2 +4)2 - 16x2
= (x2+4)2 - (4x)2
= (x2 + 4 -4x).(x2 + 4 +4x)
\(9-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3-x+y\right)\left(3+x-y\right)\)
\(\left(x^2+4\right)^2-16x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+4\right)^2-\left(4x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\left(x^2+4x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+2\right)^2\)
x2-2.x.1/2 +(1/2)2-9/4
=(x-1/2)2-9/4
=(x-1/2)2-(3/2)2
=(x-1/2-3/2).(x-1/2+3/2)
=(x-2)(x+1)
Ta có (6x+5)2(3x+2)(x+1)-35
= (36x2+60x+25)(3x2+5x+2)-35 (1)
Đặt a=3x2+5x+2
=> 12a+1= 12(3x2+5x+2)+1 =36x2+60x+25
Thay a=3x2+5x+2 vào (1) ta được
(12a+1).a-35=12a2+a-35
= 12a2-20a+21a-35
= 4a(3a-5)+7(3a-5)
= (3a-5)(4a+7) (2)
Thay 3x2+5x+2=a vào (2) ta được
(9x2+15x+6-5)(12x2+20x+8+7)
= (9x2+15x+1)(12x2+20x+15)
Ta có: \(\left(6x+5\right)^2\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)-35\)
\(=\left(36x^2+60x+25\right)\left(3x^2+5x+2\right)-35\)(1)
Đặt \(3x^2+5x+2=y\)
\(\left(1\right)=\left(12y+1\right)y-35\)
\(=12y^2+y-35\)
\(=\left(3y-5\right)\left(4y+7\right)\)
\(=\left(9x^2+15x+1\right)\left(12x^2+20x+15\right)\)
a: \(x^2-2xy+y^2+3x-3y-4\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+3\left(x-y\right)-4\)
\(=\left(x-y+4\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
Bài 2:
1: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-4\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1-4\right)=0\)
=>(2x-1)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(9x^3-x=0\)
=>\(x\left(9x^2-1\right)=0\)
=>x(3x-1)(3x+1)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\3x-1=0\\3x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: \(\left(3-2x\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-3\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>(2x-3)(2x-3-2)=0
=>(2x-3)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4: \(\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2+10x-5x-25-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2-5x=0\)
=>\(x\left(2x-5\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
1: \(3x^3y^2-6xy\)
\(=3xy\cdot x^2y-3xy\cdot2\)
\(=3xy\left(x^2y-2\right)\)
2: \(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y\right)-2\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\cdot\left(x+3y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y-2\right)\)
3: \(\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)-5x\left(2y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)+5x\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=(x-2y)(3x-1+5x)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(8x-1\right)\)
4: \(x^2-y^2-6y-9\)
\(=x^2-\left(y^2+6y+9\right)\)
\(=x^2-\left(y+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)
5: \(\left(3x-y\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y-2y\right)\left(3x-y+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
6: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-9y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-3y\right)\left(2x-1+3y\right)\)
8: \(x^2y-xy^2-2x+2y\)
\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-2\right)\)
9: \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)
Đặt: \(x^2-6x+1=a;x^2+1=b\)
Khi đó đa thức này có dạng:
\(2a^2+5ab+2b^2=2a^2+4ab+ab+2b^2\)
\(=2a\left(a+2b\right)+b\left(a+2b\right)=\left(a+2b\right)\left(2a+b\right)\)
Thay lại a và b thì được:
\(\left(a+2b\right)\left(2a+b\right)=\left(x^2-6x+1+2x^2+2\right)\left(2x^2-12x+2+x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x^2-6x+3\right)\left(3x^2-12x+3\right)\)
\(=9\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2-4x+1\right)\)
Vậy ...
\(6x-9-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2\)
\(=-1.\left(x-3\right)^2\)
b ) \(\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+1-x-1\right)\left(3x+1+x+1\right)\)
\(=2x\left(4x+2\right)\)
\(=2x.2\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=4x\left(2x+1\right)\)
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