Cho a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh rằng : 1/a + 4/b + 9/c >= 36/a+b+c
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\(a+\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{a^2+1}{a}\ge\dfrac{2a}{a}=2;b+\dfrac{4}{b}=\dfrac{b^2+4}{b}\ge\dfrac{4b}{b}=4;c+\dfrac{9}{c}=\dfrac{c^2+9}{c}\ge\dfrac{6c}{c}=6\)
\(a+b+c+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{9}{c}=\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{4}{b}\right)+\left(c+\dfrac{9}{c}\right)\ge2+4+6=12\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô -si cho 3 số dương:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Từ a+b+c=6 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b=6-c
Ta có: ab+bc+ac=9\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab+c(a+b)=9
\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab=9-c(a+b)
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-c(6-c)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-6c+c2
Ta có: (b-a)2\(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)b, c
\(\Rightarrow\)b2+a2-2ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(b+a)2-4ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(a+b)2\(\ge\)4ab
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
ab= 9-6c+c2 (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)(6-c)2\(\ge\)4(9-6c+c2)
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c\(\ge\)36-24c+4c2
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c-36+24c-4c2\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)-3c2+12c\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c2-12c\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}}\)hoặc\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\le0\\c-4\ge0\end{cases}}\)
*\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c\le4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}0\le c\le4}\)
*
\(4,VT=-a+b+c-a+b-c+a-b-c=-a+b-c=-\left(a-b+c\right)=VP\\ 5,M=-a+b-b-c+a+c-a=-a\\ M>0\Rightarrow-a>0\Rightarrow a< 0\)