Cho 4x + y = 1. Tìm GTNN của A = 4x2+y2
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b) Ta có: \(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi (x,y)=(-1;2)
c) Ta có: \(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(C_{min}=-7\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+x=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\right]\ge-\dfrac{1}{8}\) dấu"=' xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\)
\(\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1;y=2
\(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(D=\left(2+x\right)\left(x+4\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
=\(x^2+6x+8-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\left(2-x\right)-1\ge-1\)
dấu"=" xảy ra\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)
=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mấy cái kia tương tự
\(A=4x^2-4x+19=4x^2+4x+1+18=\left(2x+1\right)^2+18\ge18\)
\(minA=18\Leftrightarrow2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=4x^2-4x+19\)
\(=4x^2-4x+1+18\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2+18\ge18\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+11\\ A=-\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(y+3\right)^2+11\le11\\ A_{max}=11\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
\(1-4x^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
b.
\(8-27x^3=\left(2\right)^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)
c.
\(27+27x+9x^2+x^3=x^3+3.x^2.3+3.3^2.x+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^3\)
d.
\(2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
e.
\(x^2-y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
f.
\(x^2-6x+9-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1=\left(x+y-1\right)^2\)
\(4x^2-4x+1-\left(y^2+8y+16\right)=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(y+4\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-y-4\right)\left(2x-1+y+4\right)=\left(2x-y-5\right)\left(2x+y+3\right)\)
câu 1 B
câu 2 D
câu 3 ko bt
câu 4 x=-1/2; x = -(căn bậc hai(3)*i-1)/4;x = (căn bậc hai(3)*i+1)/4;
câu 5 x=-5/3, x=0, x=1
Câu 1: x2 + 2 xy + y2 bằng:
A. x2 + y2 B.(x + y)2 C. y2 – x2 D. x2 – y2
Câu 2: (4x + 2)(4x – 2) bằng:
A. 4x2 + 4 B. 4x2 – 4 C. 16x2 + 4 D. 16x2 – 4
Câu 3: 25a2 + 9b2 - 30ab bằng:
A.(5a-9b)2 B.(5a – 3b)2 C.(5a+3b)2 D.(5a)2 – (3b)2
Câu 4: 8x3 +1 bằng
A.(2x+1).(4x2-2x+1) B. (2x-1).(4x2+2x+1) C.(2x+1)3 D.(2x)3-13
Câu 5:Thực hiện phép nhân x(3x2 + 2x - 5) ta được:
A.3x3 - 2x2 – 5x B. 3x3 + 2x2 – 5x C. 3x3 - 2x2 +5x D. 3x3 + 2x2 + 5x
\(B=y^2-y+1\)
\(=y^2-2\cdot y\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall y\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow y-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(y=\dfrac{1}{2}\).
\(---\)
\(C=x^2-4x+y^2-y+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2\right)+\left[y^2-2\cdot y\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x;y\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(C_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=2;y=\dfrac{1}{2}\).
\(Toru\)
\(B=y^2-y+1\)
\(=y^2-2.y.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow B\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(C=x^2-4x+y^2-y+5\)
\(=x^2-4x+4+y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,M=x^2-4x+5=\left(x-2\right)^2+5\\ \Rightarrow M\ge5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(b,N=y^2-y-3=\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{13}{4}\\ \Rightarrow N\ge-\dfrac{13}{4} \)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(P=x^2+y^2-4x+y+7=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\\ \Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: M=x^2-4x+4+1
=(x-2)^2+1>=1
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
b: N=y^2-y+1/4-13/4
=(y-1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi y=1/2
c: P=x^2-4x+4+y^2+y+1/4+11/4
=(x-2)^2+(y+1/2)^2+11/4>=11/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2 và y=-1/2
GTNN của 4x2+y2=1
Từ 4x+y=1
=>y=1-4x
Thay vào A ta có:
\(A=4x^2+\left(1-4x\right)^2=4x^2+\left(1-8x+16x^2\right)=20x^2-8x+1\)
\(A=20.\left(x^2-\frac{2}{5}x+\frac{1}{20}\right)=20.\left[x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\frac{1}{100}\right]\)
\(A=20.\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\frac{1}{100}\right]=20.\left(x-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+20.\frac{1}{100}=20.\left(x-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\frac{1}{5}\) Vì \(20.\left(x-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow20.\left(x-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\frac{1}{5}\ge\frac{1}{5}\)
=>GTNN của A là 1/5
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=1/5