1) Cho đa thức \(f\left(x\right)=x^{14}-14.x^{13}+14.x^{12}-...+13.x^2-14.x+14\) Tính f(13)
2) Tính : \(\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-81\right)\left(\dfrac{3^2}{5}-81\right)\left(\dfrac{3^3}{6}-81\right)...\left(\dfrac{3^{2000}}{2003}-81\right)\)
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Bài 1:
$(y+\frac{1}{3})+(y+\frac{1}{9})+(y+\frac{1}{27})+(y+\frac{1}{81})=\frac{56}{81}$
$(y+y+y+y)+(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{81})=\frac{56}{81}$
$4\times y+\frac{40}{81}=\frac{56}{81}$
$4\times y=\frac{56}{81}-\frac{40}{81}=\frac{16}{81}$
$y=\frac{16}{81}:4=\frac{4}{81}$
Bài 2:
$18: \frac{x\times 0,4+0,32}{x}+5=14$
$18: \frac{x\times 0,4+0,32}{x}=14-5=9$
$\frac{x\times 0,4+0,32}{x}=18:9=2$
$x\times 0,4+0,32=2\times x$
$2\times x-x\times 0,4=0,32$
$x\times (2-0,4)=0,32$
$x\times 1,6=0,32$
$x=0,32:1,6=0,2$
Câu 1/
\(f\left(13\right)=x^{13}\left(x-14\right)+14x^{12}-...-14x+14\)
\(=-x^{13}+14x^{12}-14x^{11}+...-14x+14\)
\(=x^{12}\left(-x+14\right)-14x^{11}+...-14x+14\)
\(=x^{12}-14x^{11}+...-14x+14=...\)
\(=-x+14=1\)
(Bạn để ý quy luật sau các bước rút gọn lần lượt thì mũ chẵn sẽ biến thành hệ số 1, mũ lẻ thành hệ số -1 nên x sẽ có hệ số -1)
Câu 2:
+) \(f\left(-x\right)=f\left(x\right)\) có: \(f_3\left(x\right);f_4\left(x\right);f_6\left(x\right)\)
+) \(f\left(-x\right)=-f\left(x\right)\) có: \(f_1\left(x\right);f_2\left(x\right);f_5\left(x\right)\)
+) \(f\left(x_1+x_2\right)=f\left(x_1\right)+f\left(x_2\right)\) có: \(f_1\left(x\right);f_2\left(x\right)\)
+) \(f\left(x_1x_2\right)=f\left(x_1\right).f\left(x_2\right)\) có: \(f_1\left(x\right);f_3\left(x\right);f_5\left(x\right);f_6\left(x\right)\)
1) \(\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x\right):\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)=\dfrac{-7}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}:\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x\right):\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)=\dfrac{-7}{4}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x\right):\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x=\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x=\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(-\dfrac{18}{5}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x=-\dfrac{9}{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\left(-\dfrac{9}{10}\right)-\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{10}\)
2. \(x\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)=280\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+5\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=280\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5x\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=280\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+3=t\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(t+3\right)=280\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-9=280\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2=289\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=17\\t=-17\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+5x+3=17\\x^2+5x+3=-17\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+5x-14=0\\x^2+5x+20=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-14=0\text{(vì }x^2+5x+20=\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{4}>0\forall x\text{)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+7x-14=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+7\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x - 2 = 0 hoặc x + 7 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 2 hoặc x = - 7
Vậy x = 2 hoặc x = -7.
3. \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+12x^2+47x+60-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+12x^2+46x+60=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+6x^2+6x^2+36x+10x+60=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+6\right)+6x\left(x+6\right)+10\left(x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+6x+10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+6=0\text{(vì }x^2+6x+10=\left(x+3\right)^2+1>0\forall x\text{)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-6\)
Vậy x = -6.
\(a.-8:\left(4\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{3}{10}\right)=4\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(4\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{3}{10}=\left(-8\right):4\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(4\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{3}{10}=\dfrac{-9}{5}\)
\(4\dfrac{1}{5}x=\dfrac{-9}{5}-\dfrac{3}{10}\)
\(4\dfrac{1}{5}x=\dfrac{-21}{10}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-21}{10}:\dfrac{21}{5}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
Vay \(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\).
\(b.4\dfrac{2}{3}-\left(\dfrac{3}{5}:x\right)=-20\%\)
\(\dfrac{14}{3}-\left(\dfrac{3}{5}:x\right)=\dfrac{-1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{5}:x=\dfrac{14}{3}-\dfrac{-1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{5}:x=\dfrac{73}{15}\)
\(x=\dfrac{3}{5}:\dfrac{73}{15}\)
\(x=\dfrac{9}{73}\)
Vay \(x=\dfrac{9}{73}\).
Câu c; d; e tương tự nhé.
d: =>-x-5/6=7/12-4/12=3/12=1/4
=>-x=1/4+5/6=13/12
hay x=-13/12
e: =>x+3=-5
hay x=-8
f: =>4,5-2x=-1/2
=>2x=5
hay x=5/2
\(\dfrac{15}{12}+\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{3}{12}-\dfrac{18}{13}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{15}{12}-\dfrac{3}{12}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{18}{13}\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=-1+1-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=0-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)
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\(14.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{6}{5}:\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\)
\(=14.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{6}{5}.\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=21+\dfrac{6}{5}.\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=21+\left(-3\right)\)
\(=18\)
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\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{3}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{8}{12}-\dfrac{1}{9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{11}{12}-\dfrac{1}{9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{99}{108}-\dfrac{12}{108}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{29}{36}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{29}}{6}\)
\(\dfrac{15}{12}+\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{3}{12}-\dfrac{18}{13}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{18}{13}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{18}{13}\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=1+\left(-1\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}=0-\dfrac{1}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Bài 2:
x=13 nên x+1=14
\(f\left(x\right)=x^{14}-x^{13}\left(x+1\right)+x^{12}\left(x+1\right)-...+x^2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)+14\)
\(=x^{14}-x^{14}-x^{13}+x^{13}-...+x^3+x^2-x^2-x+14\)
=14-x=1
x=13 nên x+1=14
f(x)=x14−x13(x+1)+x12(x+1)−...+x2(x+1)−x(x+1)+14f(x)=x14−x13(x+1)+x12(x+1)−...+x2(x+1)−x(x+1)+14
=x14−x14−x13+x13−...+x3+x2−x2−x+14=x14−x14−x13+x13−...+x3+x2−x2−x+14
=14-x=1