cho 3 số thực dương sao cho abc=1 c/m 1/a^3(b+c)+1/b^3(a+c)+1/c^3(a+b)>=3/2
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Bài 6 . Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( a > 0 ; b > 0)
⇔ ( a + b)2 ≥ 4ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)≥ ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) ( 1 )
CMTT , ta cũng được : \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) ( 2) ; \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)( 3)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) , Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
Bài 4.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương a , b, c , ta có :
\(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\) ( a > 0 ; b > 0) ( 1)
\(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}}\) ( b > 0 ; c > 0) ( 2)
\(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}}\) ( a > 0 ; c > 0) ( 3)
Nhân từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3) , ta được :
\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\) ≥ \(8\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{a}}=8\)
Cần c/m: \(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\ge3\sqrt{2}\)
Mặt khác \(\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\ge9\)
Nên ta chỉ cần c/m \(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+a}}\le\frac{9}{3\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Ta có
\(P.\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right).2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right).2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right).2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a+b}}.\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{b+c}}.\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{c+a}}.\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{2}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}.3+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Suy ra \(P\le\frac{3}{2}:\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
BĐT được c/m
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vì abc=1 nên có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3+3=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}+3=\frac{a^2}{bc}+\frac{b^2}{ac}+\frac{c^2}{ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{4b^2}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{4c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+3\)(1)
Đặt: \(\frac{a}{b+c}=X;\frac{b}{c+a}=Y;\frac{c}{a+b}=Z\)
Ta có: \(4X^2+4Y^2+4Z^2+3-4X-4Y-4Z=\left(2X-1\right)^2+\left(2Y-1\right)^2+\left(2Z-1\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(4Z^2+4Y^2+4Z^2+3\ge4X+4Y+4Z=4\left(X+Y+Z\right)\)
=> \(\frac{4a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{4b^2}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{4c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+3\ge4\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
=> \(a^3+b^3+c^3+3\ge4\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
"=" xảy ra <=> a =b =c =1.\(\)