1. Tìm mã và min
P=x+y-17
biết: \(x^2+2xy-14y-10x+3y^2+27=0\)
2. Cho ab>4
Tim min: \(M=\dfrac{a^2}{b-4}+\dfrac{b^2}{a-4}\)
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Lời giải:
\(x^2+3y^2+10x-14y-2xy=11\)
$\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2xy+y^2)+2y^2+10x-14y=11$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-y)^2+10(x-y)+25+(2y^2-4y+2)=38$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-y+5)^2+2(y-1)^2=38$
$\Rightarrow (x-y+5)^2=38-2(y-1)^2\leq 38$
$\Rightarrow -\sqrt{38}\leq x-y+5\leq \sqrt{38}$
$\Leftrightarrow -\sqrt{38}-5\leq x-y\leq \sqrt{38}-5$
Vậy $A_{\min}=-\sqrt{38}-5$ và $A_{\max}=\sqrt{38}-5$
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3a-16}{25}=\dfrac{\left(3a-4\right)\left(a-2\right)^2}{25\left(a^2+1\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}\)
CMTT \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(b-2\right)}{25}\\\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)+3\left(b-2\right)+3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\ge\dfrac{6}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c-6\right)}{25}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
\(P=\sum\dfrac{1}{x+y+1}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)+3}=\dfrac{9}{2.1+3}=\dfrac{9}{5}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
1.
Đặt \(x+y=a\Rightarrow y=a-x\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2x\left(a-x\right)-14\left(a-x\right)-10x+3\left(a-x\right)^2+27=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4\left(a+1\right)x+3a^2-10a+27=0\)
\(\Delta'=4\left(a+1\right)^2-2\left(3a^2-10a+27\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-a^2+14a-25\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow7-2\sqrt{6}\le a\le7+2\sqrt{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow-10-2\sqrt{6}\le P\le-10+2\sqrt{6}\)
2. Chắc đề là \(a;b>0\) (đảm bảo mẫu dương) chứ ko phải \(a.b>4\)
\(M\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-8}=\dfrac{\left(a+b-8+8\right)^2}{a+b-8}=\dfrac{\left(a+b-8\right)^2+16\left(a+b-8\right)+64}{a+b-8}\)
\(M\ge a+b-8+\dfrac{64}{a+b-8}+16\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{64\left(a+b-8\right)}{a+b-8}}+16=32\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=8\)
a;b > 4 không phải > 0