Cho a,b,c>0 và a+b+c=2. Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+a}\ge1\)
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11 tháng 9 2021
\(2\left(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}\right)\ge1+\dfrac{b}{b+1a}+\dfrac{c}{c+2b}+\dfrac{a}{a+2c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}+\dfrac{a}{b+2a}+\dfrac{b}{c+2b}+\dfrac{c}{a+2c}\right)\ge1+\dfrac{b+2a}{b+2a}+\dfrac{c+2b}{c+2b}+\dfrac{a+2c}{a+2c}=1+1+1+1=4\)Thật vậy:
\(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{a}{b+2a}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{b}{c+2b}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}+\dfrac{c}{a+2c}=a\left(\dfrac{1}{b+2c}+\dfrac{1}{b+2a}\right)+b\left(\dfrac{1}{c+2a}+\dfrac{1}{c+2b}\right)+c\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2b}+\dfrac{1}{a+2c}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4a}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{4b}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{4c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2.2=4\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
4 tháng 10 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a+2}+\dfrac{2}{b+2}+\dfrac{2}{c+2}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+2}+\dfrac{b}{b+2}+\dfrac{c}{c+2}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2a}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2c}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
21 tháng 3 2021
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+2b^2}=a-\dfrac{2ab^2}{a^2+2b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}=a-\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{ab^2}\ge a-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+b+b\right)=a-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+2b\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+2c^2}\ge b-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(b+2c\right);\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+2a^2}\ge c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(c+2a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+2b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+2c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+2a^2}\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+2b+b+2c+c+2a\right)=a+b+c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(3a+3b+3c\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{abc}=1\)Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
29 tháng 5 2018
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=a-\frac{2ab^2}{a+2b^2}+b-\frac{2bc^2}{b+2c^2}+c-\frac{2ca^2}{c+2a^2}\)
\(=(a+b+c)-2\left(\frac{ab^2}{a+2b^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b+2c^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c+2a^2}\right)\)
\(=(a+b+c)-2\left(\frac{ab^2}{a+b^2+b^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b+c^2+c^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c+a^2+a^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương:
\(\text{VT}\geq (a+b+c)-2\left(\frac{ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^4}}+\frac{bc^2}{3\sqrt[3]{bc^4}}+\frac{ca^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ca^4}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq (a+b+c)-\frac{2}{3}(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}+\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}+\sqrt[3]{c^2a^2})\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy tiếp:
\(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}+\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}+\sqrt[3]{c^2a^2}\leq \frac{ab+ab+1}{3}+\frac{bc+bc+1}{3}+\frac{ca+ca+1}{3}\)
\(=\frac{2(ab+bc+ac)+3}{3}\leq \frac{2.\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}+3}{3}\)
Do đó: \(\text{VT}\geq (a+b+c)-\frac{2}{3}.\frac{2.\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}+3}{3}=1\) do $a+b+c=3$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
6 tháng 3 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+a+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{a^2+\dfrac{a^2+1}{2}+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(1-\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+1}\right)\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(1-\dfrac{a}{2}\right)\)
Tương tự và cộng lại: \(VT\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\left(3-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{2}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
9 tháng 3 2021
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{2b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{2c^2}{a^2}=\dfrac{2a}{c}+\dfrac{2c}{b}+\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}-\dfrac{2a}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2c}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2b}{a}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}=0\\\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\\\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
23 tháng 3 2023
Cho \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với ( với a, b, c, d khác 0, và c \(\ne\pm d\) ). Chứng minh rằng hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\) ?
Áp dụng bđt Schwarz ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=1\).