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a) Zn + 2HCl →ZnCl2 + H2
b) nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 mol . Theo tỉ lệ pư => nH2 = nZn = nZnCl2 =0,1 mol <=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít.
c) mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 gam
d) nHCl =2nZn = 0,2 mol => mHCl = 0,2.36,5= 7,3 gam
Cách 2: áp dụng định luật BTKL => mHCl = mZnCl2 + mH2 - mZn
<=> mHCl = 13,6 + 0,1.2 - 6,5 = 7,3 gam
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)
b) mHCl = 14,6 (g)
V H2 = 4,48 (l)
Giải thích các bước:
a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2↑
b) nZn = 13 : 65 = 0,2 mol
Theo PTHH: nHCl = 2.nZn = 0,4 mol
mHCl = 0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6(g)
c) nH2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{20,4}{136}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c) \(m_{H_2}=0,15.2=0,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=20,4+0,3-10,95=9,75\left(g\right)\)
a+b+c) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1\cdot136=13,6\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Áp dung định luật BTKL :
\(m_{H_2}=13+14.6-27.2=0.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.4}{2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
nZn = 13 / 65 = 0,2 (mol)
Zn + 2HCl --- > ZnCl2 + H2
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
mZnCl2 = 0,2 . 136 = 27,2 (g)
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48(l)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl+H_2\uparrow\)
\(1\) : \(2\) : \(1\) : \(1\) \(\left(mol\right)\)
\(0,2\) \(0,4\) \(0,2\) \(0,2\) \(\left(mol\right)\)
\(b,m_{ZnCl_2}=n.M=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(c,V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
a.b.c.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=n.M=0,2.136=27,2g\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
d.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 > 0,2 ( mol )
0,2 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{chất.rắn}=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=0,2.80+0,2.64=16+12,8=28,8g\)
\(\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{28,8}.100=55,55\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-55,55\%=44,45\%\)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)$
a, $Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2$
b, Ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=2.24(l)$
c, Ta có: $n_{HCl}=2.n_{Zn}=0,2(mol)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=7,3(g)$
\(a)\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ b)\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ c)\\ n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,1.2 = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3\ gam\)