Cho: \(f\left(x\right)=x^4+ax^3+bx^2+cx+d\) thỏa mãn: f(1)=2014, f(2)=4028, f(3)=6042. Tính: f(-1)+f(5)
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\(f\left(-1\right)=2\Rightarrow-a+b-c+d=2\\ f\left(0\right)=1\Rightarrow d=1\\ f\left(1\right)=7\Rightarrow a+b+c+d=7\\ f\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=3\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{1}{4}b+\dfrac{1}{2}c+d=3\)
\(d=1\Rightarrow-a+b-c=1;a+b+c=6\\ \Rightarrow2b=7\\ \Rightarrow b=\dfrac{7}{2}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{7}{8}+\dfrac{1}{2}c=2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{4}a+\dfrac{7}{4}+c\right)=2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}a+\dfrac{7}{4}+c=4\\ \Rightarrow a+7+4c=16\\ \Rightarrow a+4c=9;a+c=6-\dfrac{7}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\ \Rightarrow3c=\dfrac{13}{2}\Rightarrow c=\dfrac{13}{6}\\ \Rightarrow a=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{13}{6}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(\left(a;b;c;d\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{7}{2};\dfrac{13}{6};1\right)\)
Đặt \(g(x)=10x\).
Ta có \(g\left(1\right)=10=f\left(1\right);g\left(2\right)=20=f\left(2\right);g\left(3\right)=30=f\left(3\right)\).
Từ đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(1\right)-g\left(1\right)=0\\f\left(2\right)-g\left(2\right)=0\\f\left(3\right)-g\left(3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)-g\left(x\right)=Q\left(x\right).\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\).
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=10x+Q\left(x\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(8\right)+f\left(-4\right)=80+Q\left(x\right).7.6.5+\left(-40\right)+Q\left(x\right).\left(-5\right).\left(-6\right).\left(-7\right)=80-50=40\).
Đoạn cuối mình làm nhầm nhé.
Đáng lẽ phải cm Q(x) là đa thức dạng x + m, rồi biến đổi \(f\left(8\right)+f\left(-4\right)=80+Q\left(8\right).7.6.5+\left(-40\right)+Q\left(-4\right).\left(-5\right).\left(-6\right).\left(-7\right)=80-40+\left(m+8\right).7.6.5-\left(m-4\right).5.6.7=12.5.6.7+40=2560\).
Mình đánh vội nên chưa suy nghĩ kĩ.
Ta có:
\(P\left(1\right)=a+b+c+d+1\)
\(P\left(2\right)=8a+4b+2c+d+16\)
\(P\left(3\right)=27a+9b+3c+d+81\)
\(\Rightarrow100P\left(1\right)-198P\left(2\right)+100P\left(3\right)\)
\(=100\left(a+b+c+d+1\right)-198\left(8a+4b+2c+d+16\right)+100\left(27a+9b+3c+d+81\right)\)
\(=1216a+208b+4c+2d+5032=100.10-198.20+100.30=40\)
Ta lại có:
\(f\left(12\right)+f\left(-8\right)=12^4+12^3a+12^2b+12c+d+8^4-8^3a+8^2b-8c+d\)
\(=\left(1216a+208b+4c+2d+5032\right)+19800\)
\(=40+19800=19840\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{19840}{10}+25=2009\)
Đặt \(G\left(x\right)=f\left(x\right)-10x\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{f\left(x\right)=G\left(x\right)+10x}\)và \(G\left(x\right)\)có bậc 4 có hệ số cao nhất là 1
Từ đề bài ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}G\left(1\right)=f\left(1\right)-10=0\\G\left(2\right)=f\left(2\right)-20=0\\G\left(3\right)=f\left(3\right)-30=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow x=1;2;3\)là 3 nghiệm của\(G\left(x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow G\left(x\right)\)có dạng \(G\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-k\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}G\left(12\right)=\left(12-1\right)\left(12-2\right)\left(12-3\right)\left(12-k\right)=11880-990k\\G\left(-8\right)=\left(-8-1\right)\left(-8-2\right)\left(-8-3\right)\left(-8-k\right)=7920+990k\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(12\right)=G\left(12\right)+12\times10=12000-990k\\f\left(-8\right)=G\left(-8\right)+10\times\left(-8\right)=7840+990k\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(12\right)+f\left(-8\right)=12000-990k+7840+990k=19840\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{19840}{10}+25=2009\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=-a+b-c+d=2\)
\(f\left(0\right)=d=1\)
\(f\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)=\frac{1}{8}a+\frac{1}{4}b+\frac{1}{2}c+d=3\)
\(f\left(1\right)=a+b+c+d=7\)
Suy ra \(\hept{\begin{cases}-a+b-c=1\\\frac{1}{8}a+\frac{1}{4}b+\frac{1}{2}c=2\\a+b+c=6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2b=7\\\frac{1}{8}a+\frac{1}{4}b+\frac{1}{2}c=2\\a+b+c=6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{1}{3}\\b=\frac{7}{2}\\c=\frac{13}{6}\end{cases}}\)
Đặt \(g\left(x\right)=2014x\).
Ta có \(f\left(1\right)-g\left(1\right)=0;f\left(2\right)-g\left(2\right)=0;f\left(3\right)-g\left(3\right)=0\).
Do đó \(f\left(x\right)-g\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)Q\left(x\right)\).
\(f\left(x\right)=2014x+\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)Q\left(x\right)\).
Do f(x) có bậc 4, hệ số cao nhất là 1 nên Q(x) là đa thức có dạng x + m.
Từ đó \(f\left(x\right)=2014x+\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+m\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right)+f\left(5\right)=2014.\left(-1\right)+\left(-2\right).\left(-3\right).\left(-4\right)\left(m-1\right)+2014.5+4.3.2\left(m+5\right)=12228\).
Sigma CTV, thế sao triệt tiêu được m hả bn??