Cho \(x,y,z\ge0\).Tìm giá trị lớn nhất :
\(P=\dfrac{x}{x^2+y^2+2}+\dfrac{y}{y^2+z^2+2}+\dfrac{z}{z^2+x^2+2}\)
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\(A=\dfrac{2x^2}{2x+2yz}+\dfrac{2y^2}{2y+2zx}+\dfrac{2z^2}{2z+2xy}+\dfrac{9}{8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{2x^2}{x^2+1+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{2y^2}{y^2+1+z^2+x^2}+\dfrac{2z^2}{z^2+1+x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{9}{8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{x^2+y^2+z^2+1}+\dfrac{9}{8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
Đặt \(x^2+y^2+z^2=a>0\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{8a}=\dfrac{2a}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{8a}-\dfrac{15}{8}+\dfrac{15}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{\left(a-3\right)^2}{8a\left(a+1\right)}+\dfrac{15}{8}\ge\dfrac{15}{8}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{15}{8}\) khi \(a=3\) hay \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có x2-xy+y2=\(\left(\dfrac{x+y}{2}\right)^2+3\left(\dfrac{x-y}{2}\right)^2\)\(\ge\)\(\left(\dfrac{x+y}{2}\right)^2\)
=>\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}}{x+y+2z}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x+y+2z\right)}\)(1) . Tương tự ...
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z=a\\x+z=b\\x+y=c\end{matrix}\right.\)(a,b,c>0). Khi đó ta có :
S=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{b+c}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\) (Netbit)
Lời giải:
Sửa: $x^2\geq y^2+z^2$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$P\geq \frac{y^2+z^2}{x^2}+\frac{7x^2}{2}.\frac{4}{y^2+z^2}+2007$
$=\frac{y^2+z^2}{x^2}+\frac{14x^2}{y^2+z^2}+2007$
$=\frac{y^2+z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{13x^2}{y^2+z^2}+2007$
$\geq 2+\frac{13x^2}{y^2+z^2}+2007$ (áp dụng BĐT Cô-si)
$\geq 2+13+2007=2022$ (do $x^2\geq y^2+z^2$)
Vậy $P_{\min}=2022$
Hướng dẫn: đặt \(A=\dfrac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Khi đó \(F-A=x-y+y-z+z-x=0\Rightarrow F=A\)
\(\Rightarrow2F=F+A=\sum\dfrac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\Rightarrow F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x^2+1+y^2+1}\le\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+1}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{y}{y^2+z^2+2}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+1}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{z}{z^2+x^2+2}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+1}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+1}\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)