Viết các phương trình phản ứng hoá học xảy ra theo sơ đồ chuyển hoá sau: Ba(OH)2→BaCl2→AlCl3→
Al(OH)3→Al2O3→Al
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\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Al_2(SO_4)_3+3BaCl_2\to 2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\\ AlCl_3+3NaOH\to Al(OH)_3\downarrow +3NaCl\\ 2Al(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\\ 2Al_2O_3\xrightarrow{đpnc}4Al+3O_2\)
(1) \(4Al+3O_2-t^o-2Al_2O_3\)
(2) \(Al_2O_3+6HCl-->2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
(3) \(AlCl_3+3AgNO_3-->3AgCl\downarrow+Al\left(NO_3\right)_3\)
(4) \(Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NaOH-->3NaNO_3+Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
+) KO -----> K2O
+) Al2O3 -----> Al2O3
+) Al(OH)3 -----> Al2(OH)3
Bs đề câu a: \(Fe_2O_3\xrightarrow{(4)}Fe\)
\(a,(1)2Fe+3Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\\ (2)FeCl_3+3NaOH\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ (3)2Fe(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\\ (4)Fe_2O_3+3CO\xrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3CO_2\)
\(b,(1)4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ (2)Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ (3)AlCl_3+3NaOH\to Al(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ (4)2Al(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(4FeS_2+11O_2\rightarrow2Fe_2O_3+8SO_2\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(H_2O+BaO\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
1.
a, \(Na+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(2Na+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
2.
a, \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+2H_2O\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+2H_2O\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\\3 BaCl_2+Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\rightarrow3BaSO_4+2AlCl_3\\ AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\\ 2Al\left(OH\right)_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow Al_2O_3+3H_2O\\ 2Al_2O_3-^{đpnc,criolit}\rightarrow4Al+3O_2\)