Giải bất phương trình
a) \(\left|x+1\right|-\left|x-2\right|\ge3\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{\left|x\right|-3}-\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\)
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Bài 4 :
24 phút = \(\dfrac{24}{60} = \dfrac{2}{5}\) giờ
Gọi thời gian dự định đi từ A đến B là x(giờ) ; x > 0
Suy ra quãng đường AB là 36x(km)
Khi vận tốc sau khi giảm là 36 -6 = 30(km/h)
Vì giảm vận tốc nên thời gian đi hết AB là x + \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)(giờ)
Ta có phương trình:
\(36x = 30(x + \dfrac{2}{5})\\ \Leftrightarrow x = 2\)
Vậy quãng đường AB dài 36.2 = 72(km)
\(\dfrac{2x-1}{x+1}-2< 0.\left(x\ne-1\right).\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-1-2x-2}{x+1}< 0.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-3}{x+1}< 0.\)
Mà \(-3< 0.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1>0.\Leftrightarrow x>-1\left(TMĐK\right).\)
\(\dfrac{x^2-2x+5}{x-2}-x+1\ge0.\left(x\ne2\right).\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-2x+5-x^2+2x+x-2}{x-2}\ge0.\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3}{x-2}\ge0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\ge0.\\x-2\ge0.\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\le0.\\x-2\le0.\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-3.\\x\ge2.\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le-3.\\x\le2.\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2.\\x\le-3.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ.
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>2.\\x\le-3.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{\left(1+2x\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(1-x\right)}\le0.\left(x\ne1;x\ne\dfrac{-3}{2}\right).\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{\left(1+2x\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2x+3\right)\left(1-x\right)}=f\left(x\right).\)
Ta có bảng sau:
\(x\) | \(-\infty\) \(-\dfrac{3}{2}\) \(-\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(1\) \(2\) \(+\infty\) |
\(1+2x\) | - | - 0 + | + | + |
\(x-2\) | - | - | - | - 0 + |
\(2x+3\) | - 0 + | + | + | + |
\(1-x\) | + | + | + 0 - | - |
\(f\left(x\right)\) | - || + 0 - || + 0 - |
Vậy \(f\left(x\right)\ge0.\Leftrightarrow x\in\left(\dfrac{-3}{2};\dfrac{-1}{2}\right)\cup\)(1;2].
a, \(\dfrac{\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)}{4x-3}< 0\)
⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)< 0\\4x-3>0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)>0\\4x-3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2< x< \dfrac{5}{2}\\x>\dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -2\\x>\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\x< \dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{4}< x< \dfrac{5}{2}\\x< -2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của bất phương trình là
S = \(\left(\dfrac{3}{4};\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\cup\left(-\infty;-2\right)\)
b, Pt
⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x+6=x^2+6x+5\\x\in R\backslash\left\{-1;2\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔ x = \(\dfrac{1}{11}\)
Vậy S = \(\left\{\dfrac{1}{11}\right\}\)
a:
ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{\dfrac{3}{2};1\right\}\)
\(y=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-2x-3x+3}\)
=>\(y=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-5x+3}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(x^2-4x+4\right)'\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)'}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2x-4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{4x^3-10x^2+6x-8x^2+20x-12-2x^3+8x^2-8x+5x^2-20x+20}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{2x^3-5x^2-2x+8}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)
b:
ĐKXĐ: x<>-3
\(y=\left(x+3\right)+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\)
=>\(y'=\left(x+3+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'\)
\(=1+\dfrac{4'\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)'}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
y'=0
=>\(\left(x+3\right)^2-4=0\)
=>\(\left(x+3+2\right)\left(x+3-2\right)=0\)
=>(x+5)(x+1)=0
=>x=-5 hoặc x=-1
c:
ĐKXĐ: x<>-2
\(y=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+2}\)
=>\(y=\dfrac{5x^2+5x-x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{5x^2+4x-1}{x+2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)'\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)'}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{5x^2+10x+4x+8-5x^2-4x+1}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{10x+9}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(y'\left(-1\right)=\dfrac{10\cdot\left(-1\right)+9}{\left(-1+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{-1}{1}=-1\)
d:
ĐKXĐ: x<>2
\(y=x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\)
=>\(y'=\left(x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'\)
\(=1+\dfrac{9'\left(x-2\right)-9\left(x-2\right)'}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
y'=0
=>\(\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-9=0\)
=>(x-2-3)(x-2+3)=0
=>(x-5)(x+1)=0
=>x=5 hoặc x=-1
a, \(\left|x+2\right|+\left|-2x+1\right|\le x+1\left(1\right)\)
TH1: \(x\le-2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1\le-1< \left|x+2\right|+\left|-2x+1\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm
TH2: \(-2< x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x+2-2x+1\le x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left[1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right]\)
TH3: \(x>\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x+2+2x-1\le x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm
Vậy \(x\in\left[1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right]\)
b, \(\left|x+2\right|-\left|x-1\right|< x-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)
TH1: \(x\le-2\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow-x-2+x-1< x-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm
TH2: \(-2< x\le1\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x+2+x-1< x-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x< -\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm
TH3: \(x>1\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x+2-x+1< x-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left(\dfrac{9}{2};+\infty\right)\)
Vậy \(x\in\left(\dfrac{9}{2};+\infty\right)\)
a: =>2x^2+8x-3x-12<2x^2+2
=>5x<14
=>x<14/5
b: =>\(\dfrac{9x-3-\left(5x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{3\left(x-2\right)}-4>0\)
=>\(\dfrac{9x-3-5x^2+10x-x+2-12\left(x-2\right)}{3\left(x-2\right)}>0\)
=>\(\dfrac{-5x^2+18x-1-12x+24}{3\left(x-2\right)}>0\)
=>\(\dfrac{-5x^2+6x+23}{x-2}>0\)
TH1: x-2>0 và -5x^2+6x+23>0
=>x>2 và \(\dfrac{3-2\sqrt{31}}{5}< x< \dfrac{3+2\sqrt{31}}{5}\)
=>\(2< x< \dfrac{3+2\sqrt{31}}{5}\)
TH2: x-2<0 và -5x^2+6x+23<0
=>x<2 và \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{3-2\sqrt{31}}{5}\\x>\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{31}}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x< \dfrac{3-2\sqrt{31}}{5}\)
a. Vì \(0< 0,1< 1\) nên bất phương trình đã cho
\(\Leftrightarrow0< x^2+x-2< x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-2>0\\x^2-5< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -2\\x>1\end{matrix}\right.\\-\sqrt{5}< x< \sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\sqrt{5}< x< -2\\1< x< \sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của bất phương trình là \(S=\left\{-\sqrt{5};-2\right\}\) và \(\left\{1;\sqrt{5}\right\}\)
b. Điều kiện \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2-x>0\\x^2-6x+5>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(log_{\dfrac{1}{3}}\left(x^2-6x+5\right)+2log^3\left(2-x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow log_{\dfrac{1}{3}}\left(x^2-6x+5\right)\ge log_{\dfrac{1}{3}}\left(2-x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5\le\left(2-x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\ge0\)
Bất phương trình tương đương với:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-6x+5>0\\2-x>0\\2x-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 1\\x>5\end{matrix}\right.\\x< 2\\x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\le x< 1\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của bất phương trình là: \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2};1\right)\)
a,Áp dụng BĐT `|A|-|B|<=|A-B|`
`=>|x+1|-|x-2|<=|x+1-x+2|=3`
Mà đề bài `|x+1|-|x-2|>=3`
`=>|x+1|-|x-2|=3`
`=>x=2\or\x=-1`
`b,1/(|x|-3)-1/2<0`
`<=>(5-|x|)/(2|x|-6)<0`
`<=>(|x|-5)/(|x|-3)>0`
`<=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}|x|>5\\|x|<3\end{array} \right.$
`<=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}\left[ \begin{array}{l}x>5\\x<-5\end{array} \right.\\-3<x<3\end{array} \right.$
`-2<=x<=1` nhé câu a ý mình ghi thiếu.