cho S=1\52+1\92+1\132+............1\4092. Chung minh S<1\12
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* S = 3/10+3/11+3/12+3/13+3/14 < 3/10 + 3/10+3/10+3/10+3/10
< 3/10 x 5
< 3/2 < 2sư
* S = 3/10+3/11+3/12+3/13+3/14 > 3/15+3/15+3/15+3/15+3/15
> 3/15 x 5
> 1
CHỨNG TỎ ........
> 1
a,1/51 > 1/100
1/52 > 1/100
1/53 > 1/100
...
1/100=1/100
=>H>1/100 + 1/100 + 1/100 +...+1/100
H>50/100=1/2
1/51<1/50
1/52<1/50
....
1/100<1/50
=>H<1/50+1/50+...+1/50
H<50/50=1
Vay1/2<H<1
Ta có :
S= 1/51 +1/52 +..+1/100
Vì 1/51>1/52>...>1/100
=> S >1/100 * 50 =1/2 (1)
Vì 1/100 <1/99<...<1/51<1/50
=> S < 1/50 * 50=1 (2)
Từ (1),(2) => 1/2 < S<1
P=1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018
2P=1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017
=> 2P-P= (1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017)-(1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018 )
=> P=1/2 -1/2^2018 <1/2 <3/4
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{51}>\frac{1}{100};\frac{1}{52}>\frac{1}{100};...;\frac{1}{100}=\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}>\frac{1}{100}.50=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{51}< \frac{1}{50};\frac{1}{52}< \frac{1}{50};...;\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}.50=1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
S = (1 / 31 + ... + 1 / 40) + (1 / 41 + ... + 1/ 50) + (1 / 51 + ... + 1 / 60) <
10 / 31 + 10 / 41 + 10 / 51 < 10 / 30 + 10 / 40 + 10 / 50 = 1 / 3 + 1 / 4 + 1 / 5 =
7 / 12 + 1 / 5 < 3 / 5 + 1 / 5 = 4 / 5
Tương tự:
S > 10 / 40 + 10 / 50 + 10 / 60 = 1 / 4 + 1 / 5 + 1 / 6 = 5 / 12 + 1 / 5 > 2 / 5 + 1 / 5 = 3 / 5
=> 3 / 5 < S < 4 / 5
S=(1/101+1/102+...+1/110)+(1+111+...+1/120)+(1/121+...+1/130)
=>1/110.10+1/120.10+1/130.10=1/11+1/12+1/13>1/12+2/12=1/4 (dễ có :
1/11+1/13>2/12
=>S>1/4(1)
+)S=1/101+1/130)+(1/102+1/129)+......+(1/115+1/116)(có 15 cặp
=231/101.130+231/102.129+...231/115.116=231
(1/101.130+1/102.129+...+1/115.116)
Ta có nhận xét tích 101 .130 có giá trị nhỏ nhất ,thật vậy :
xét 102.129=(101+1).(130-1)=101.130-101+130-1=101.130+28>101.130
Tương tự các cặp cong lại ,ta có : 1/101.130+1/129.102+....+1/115.116<1/101.130.15
=>S=231.1/101.130.15=693/2626<91/330
từ (1)(2)=>đpcm
4S = 4/(5x5) + 4/(9x9) + … + 1/(409x409)
Ta thấy:
4/(5x5) < 4/(3x7) = 1/3 – 1/7
4/(9x9) < 4/(7x11) = 1/7 – 1/11
…………
4/(409x409) < 4/(407x411) = 1/407 – 1/411
Mà :
4/(3x7) + 4/(7x11) + …. + 4/(407x411) = 1/3 – 1/411 = 136/411
4S < 136/411
S < 34/411 < 34/408 = 1/12
Hay S < 1/12
4S = 4/(5x5) + 4/(9x9) + … + 1/(409x409)
Ta thấy:
4/(5x5) < 4/(3x7) = 1/3 – 1/7
4/(9x9) < 4/(7x11) = 1/7 – 1/11
…………
4/(409x409) < 4/(407x411) = 1/407 – 1/411
Mà :
4/(3x7) + 4/(7x11) + …. + 4/(407x411) = 1/3 – 1/411 = 136/411
4S < 136/411
S < 34/411 < 34/408 = 1/12
Hay S < 1/12