Cho 40 gam CuO tác dụng với dung dịch HCl vừa đủ. Tính khối lượng muối tạo thành.
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Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
____0,5____________0,5 (mol)
a, \(m_{CuCl_2}=0,5.135=67,5\left(g\right)\)
b, Có: m dd sau pư = mCuO + m dd HCl = 40 + 200 = 240 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{67,5}{240}.100\%=28,125\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a)
$n_{MgO} = \dfrac{8}{40} = 0,2(mol)$
$MgO + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$n_{MgCl_2} = n_{MgO} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2} = 0,2.95 = 19(gam)$
b)
$n_{HCl} =2 n_{MgO} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol) \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{4\%} = 365(gam)$
a) MgO + 2HCl→ MgCl2+ H2O
(mol) 0,2 0,4 0,2
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
→\(m_{MgCl_2}=n.M=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)
b) Ta có:
\(4\%=\dfrac{m_{HCl_{ }}}{m_{ddHCl}}.100\%< =>4\%=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{m_{ddHCl}}.100\%\)
=> mdd HCl=\(\dfrac{14,6.100}{4}=365\left(g\right)\)
Vạy khối lượng dung dịch HCl cần dùng cho phản ứng là: 365g
\(n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \text{Bảo toàn H}\\ n_{H_SO_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\\ BTKL:\\ m_{hh}+m_{HCl}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\\ 3,28+0,1.36,5=m_{muối}+0,1.2\\ m_{muối}=6,73(g)\)
a) $n_{Mg} = \dfrac{4,8}{24} = 0,2(mol)$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} = 0,4(mol) \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6(gam)$
b)
$n_{MgCl_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2} = 0,2.95 = 19(gam)$
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 0,2.......0,4........0,2.........0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\\ b.m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
2 6 2 3
0,3 0,9 0,3 0,45
a). nAl= \(\dfrac{8,1}{27}\)=0,3(mol)
⇒ nHCl= \(\dfrac{0,3.3}{6}\)= 0,9(mol).
⇒ mHCl=n.M= 0,9 . 36.5 =32,85(g).
b). nAlCl3= \(\dfrac{0,9.2}{6}\)= 0,3(mol).
⇒mAlCl3= n.M = 0,3 . 133,5 =40,05(g).
c). nH2= \(\dfrac{0,3.3}{2}\)= 0,45(mol).
⇒VH2= n . 22,4 = 0,45 . 22,4= 10,08(g).
Bài 1
\(a,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ CuO+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}CuCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{CuCl_2}=n_{CuO}=0,2mol\\ m_{CuCl_2}=0,2.135=27\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)
Bài 5
\(a,n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\\ b,n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2:2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,4}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(M\right)\\ c,m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
\(Pt: Fe + 2HCl \rightarrow FeCl_2 + H_2\)
\(a.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt: \(nH_2 = nFe = 0,2 mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
\(b.n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25.4g\)
\(c.n_{HCl}=2nFe=0,4mol\)
\(C_MHCl=\dfrac{0,4}{0,1}=4M\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{50\cdot3,65}{100}=1,825g\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,05mol\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
0,025 0,05 0,025 0,025
\(m=0,025\cdot100=2,5g\)
\(V=0,025\cdot22,4=0,56l\)
\(m_m=0,025\cdot111=2,775g\)
$a)$
$n_{HCl}=\dfrac{50.3,65\%}{36,5}=0,05(mol)$
$CaCO_3+2HCl\to CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O$
Theo PT: $n_{CaCO_3}=0,025(mol)$
$\to m=0,025.100=2,5(g)$
$b)$
Theo PT: $n_{CO_2}=0,025(mol)$
$\to V=0,025.22,4=0,56(l)$
$c)$
Theo PT: $n_{CaCl_2}=0,025(mol)$
$\to m_{muối}=0,025.111=2,775(g)$
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5(mol)\\ PTHH:CuO+2HCl\to CuCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuCl_2}=n_{CuO}=0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuCl_2}=0,5.135=67,5(g)\)
67,5 gam