Giá trị nhỏ nhất biểu thức \(A=\left|x+1\right|+\sqrt{x^2+2x+5}\)
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Lời giải:
a.
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x^3}-1)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}(2\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)(x+\sqrt{x}+1)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-(2\sqrt{x}+1)+2(\sqrt{x}+1)\)
\(=\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)-2\sqrt{x}-1+2\sqrt{x}+2\\ =x-\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-1+2\sqrt{x}+2\\ =x-\sqrt{x}+1\)
b.
$A=x-\sqrt{x}+1=(x-\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{4})+\frac{3}{4}$
$=(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{3}{4}\geq 0+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}$
$\Rightarrow A_{\min}=\frac{3}{4}$
Giá trị này đạt tại $\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{4}$
câu 1) ta có : \(M=\left(x^2-x\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2=x^4-2x^3+x^2+4x^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+2\right)^2-3=\left(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}\right)^2-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{16}\le M\le61\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; \(M_{max}=61\) khi \(x=3\)
câu 2) điều kiện xác định : \(0\le x\le2\)
đặt \(\sqrt{2x-x^2}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=-t^2+4t+3=-\left(t-2\right)^2+7\)
\(\Rightarrow3\le M\le7\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=3\)khi \(x=0\) ; \(M_{max}=7\) khi \(x=2\)câu 3) ta có : \(M=\left(x-2\right)^2+6\left|x-2\right|-6\ge-6\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=-6\) khi \(x=2\)
4) điều kiện xác định \(-6\le x\le10\)
ta có : \(M=5\sqrt{x+6}+2\sqrt{10-x}-2\)
áp dụng bunhiacopxki dạng căn ta có :
\(-\sqrt{\left(5^2+2^2\right)\left(x+6+10-x\right)}\le5\sqrt{x+6}+2\sqrt{10-x}\le\sqrt{\left(5^2+2^2\right)\left(x+6+10-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\sqrt{29}\le5\sqrt{x+6}+2\sqrt{10-x}\le4\sqrt{29}\)
\(\Rightarrow-2-4\sqrt{29}\le B\le-2+4\sqrt{29}\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{max}=-2+4\sqrt{29}\) khi \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x+6}}{5}=\dfrac{\sqrt{10-x}}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{226}{29}\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=-2-4\sqrt{29}\) dấu của bđt này o xảy ra câu 5 lm tương tự
1) \(x^2+2x+1=\left(x+2\right)\sqrt[]{x^2+1}\left(1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1=x\sqrt[]{x^2+1}+2\sqrt[]{x^2+1}\left(x\ge-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)^2=\left(x\sqrt[]{x^2+1}+2\sqrt[]{x^2+1}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+4x^2+1+4x^3+2x^2+4x=x^2\left(x^2+1\right)+4\left(x^2+1\right)+4x\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+1=x^4+x^2+4x^2+4+4x^3+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+4x^3+6x^2+4x+1=x^4+4x^3+5x^2+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt[]{3}\left(Tm.x\ge-2\right)\)
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) là \(x=\pm\sqrt[]{3}\)
2) \(P=\sqrt[]{x^2-2x+13}+4\sqrt[]{x-3}\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt[]{x^2-2x+13}=\sqrt[]{x^2-2x+1+12}=\sqrt[]{\left(x-1\right)^2+12}\ge\sqrt[]{12}=2\sqrt[]{3},\forall x\in R\)
\(4\sqrt[]{x-3}\ge0,\forall x\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\sqrt[]{x^2-2x+13}+4\sqrt[]{x-3}\ge\sqrt[]{4+12}+0=4\left(khi.x=3\right),\forall x\ge3\)
Vậy \(Min\left(P\right)=4\left(tại.x=3\right)\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x>0;x\ne1\)
\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(x\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-2\sqrt{x}-1+2\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}+1\)
b.
\(P=x-\sqrt{x}+1=x-\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
a) đk: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+1>0\\\sqrt{x}-1>0\\x>0\end{matrix}\right.=>\sqrt{x}>\pm1\)
rút gọn pt
\(\dfrac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{2x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) \(\dfrac{\left(x^2-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(2x+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\)
\(A=\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{0}+\sqrt{0+4}=2\)
A min = 2 khi x =-1