Tìm x,y,z biết: \(\sqrt{x+y-2}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{2}\)
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ĐK: \(x\ge-1;y\ge3;z\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-3}+\sqrt{z-1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1-2\sqrt{x+1}+1+y-3-2\sqrt{y-3}+1+z-1-2\sqrt{z-1}+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-3}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-1}-1\right)^2=0\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-3}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-1}-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=1\\\sqrt{y-3}=1\\\sqrt{z-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=4\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cách khác:
ĐK: \(x\ge-1;y\ge3;z\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(ab\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\).
\(\sqrt{x+1}\le\dfrac{x+1+1}{2}=\dfrac{x+2}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{y-3}\le\dfrac{y-3+1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{z-1}\le\dfrac{z-1+1}{2}=\dfrac{z}{2}\)
Cộng vế theo vế các BĐT trên ta được:
\(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-3}+\sqrt{z-1}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=1\\\sqrt{y-3}=1\\\sqrt{z-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=4\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1;y\ge3;z\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z-2\sqrt{x+1}-2\sqrt{y-3}-2\sqrt{z-1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1-2\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)+\left(y-3-2\sqrt{y-3}+1\right)+\left(z-1-2\sqrt{z-1}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-3}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-1}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-3}-1=0\\\sqrt{z-1}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=4\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(ĐK:x\ge1,y\ge2,z\ge3\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}+\sqrt{y-2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2}}+\sqrt{z-3}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-3}}=6\)
Theo bđt AM-GM thì \(VT\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}}=1\\\sqrt{y-2}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2}}=1\\\sqrt{z-3}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-3}}=1\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\\z=4\end{cases}}\)
Vì \(\sqrt{\left(x-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\left|x-\sqrt{2}\right|\ge0;\sqrt{\left(y+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\left|y+\sqrt{2}\right|\ge0\);|x+y+z|\(\ge\)0
=>\(\left|x-\sqrt{2}\right|+\left|y+\sqrt{2}\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left|x-\sqrt{2}\right|=\left|y+\sqrt{2}\right|=\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
\(\left|x-\sqrt{2}\right|=0\Leftrightarrow x-\sqrt{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\left|y+\sqrt{2}\right|=0\Leftrightarrow y+\sqrt{2}=0\Leftrightarrow y=-\sqrt{2}\)
\(\left|x+y+z\right|=0\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}+\left(-\sqrt{2}\right)+z=0\Leftrightarrow z=0\)
Vậy ............
\(DK:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge2\\y\ge3\\z\ge5\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2-2\sqrt{x-2}+1\right)+\left(y-3-4\sqrt{y-3}+4\right)+\left(z-5-6\sqrt{z-5}+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-3}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-5}-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-2}=1\\\sqrt{y-3}=2\\\sqrt{z-5}=3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=7\\z=14\end{cases}}\)
Từ GT <-> \(x+y+z=2\sqrt{x}+4\sqrt{y}+6\sqrt{z}-14\)
<> \(\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)+ \(\left(y-4\sqrt{y}+4\right)+\left(z-6\sqrt{z}+9\right)\)\(=0\)
<> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}-3\right)^2=0\)
vì \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x>0\).......................................................................
đến đây tự làm tiếp nhé
⇔\(\sqrt{x+y-2}-\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{2}=0\)
⇔\(\dfrac{x+y-2-x}{\sqrt{x+y-2}+\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{y-2}{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{2}}\) =0
⇔(y-2)(\(\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+y-2}+\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{2}}\right)\)=0
sau đó chắc bạn tự giải được, mik có việc hơi bận '^^
cái chuyển về sang là +\(\sqrt{2}\) nha, mik viết nhầm
nên cái cuối là ⇔\(\left(y-2\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+y-2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{2}}\right)=0\)