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a, \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=4,4-2,4=2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Mg}+n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{19,6\%}=75\left(g\right)\)
a. PTHH:
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Cu + H2SO4 ---x--->
b. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6\left(g\right)\)
c. \(\%_{m_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)
d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29,4}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=147\left(g\right)\)
a, \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4}{15}.27}{10}.100\%=72\%\\\%m_{Cu}=28\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{300}.100\%\approx13,067\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}0,15(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,8}.100\%=56,76\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-56,76\%=43,24\%\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{20\%}=73,5(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{73,5}{1,4}=52,5(l)\)
a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$FeO + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2O$
b)
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$
$m_{FeO} = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6(gam)$
$n_{FeO} =0,05(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} + 2n_{FeO} = 0,4(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,4}{2} = 0,2(lít)$
c) $Fe + CuSO_4 \to FeSO_4 + Cu$
$n_{Cu} = n_{Fe} = 0,15(mol) \Rightarrow m_{chất\ rắn} = m_{FeO} + m_{Cu}$
$= 3,6 + 0,15.64 = 13,2(gam)$
\(a,Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{13,6}.100\%\approx41,176\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}\approx58,824\%\\ b,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{13,6-0,1.56}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=2.\left(n_{Fe}+n_{CuO}\right)=2.\left(0,1+0,1\right)=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
a) Đặt: nMg=x(mol); nZnO=y(mol)
nH2SO4= 0,2(mol)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
x___________x____x_______x(mol)
ZnO + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O
y____y______y(mol)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+81y=12,9\\22,4x=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)
%mMg=(4,8/12,9).100=37,209%
=>%mZnO=62,791%
b) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol)
=> \(C\%ddH2SO4=\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}.100=24,5\%\)
a/ \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(0,5---0,5----0,5---0,5-0,5\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
\(b---b----b-----b\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,5.\left(24+12+16.3\right)=42\left(g\right)\)
\(\dfrac{m_{MgCO_3}}{m_{MgO}}=\dfrac{7}{3}\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=42.\dfrac{3}{7}=18\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{MgO}=b=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45+0,5=0,95\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=\dfrac{0,95.98}{0,05}=1862\left(g\right)\)