tính tổng \(\frac{n}{1}+\frac{n}{2}+\frac{n}{3}+...+\frac{n}{n}\)
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M=3+32+33+...+3n
=>3M=32+33+34+...+3n+1
=>3M-M=3n+1-3
=>2M=3n+1-3
=>M=\(\frac{3^{n+1}-3}{2}\)
\(N=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^n}\)
=>3N\(=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{n-1}}\)
=>3N-N=\(1-\frac{1}{3^n}\)
=>2N=\(1-\frac{1}{3^n}\Rightarrow N=\frac{1-\frac{1}{3^n}}{2}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\) (pp trục căn thức ở mẫu)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n^2+2n+1-n^2-n\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng tính: \(S=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{400\sqrt{399}+399\sqrt{400}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)
Vậy S = 19/20
a) Tổng \({S_n}\) là tổng của cấp số nhân có số hạng đầu \({u_1} = 1\) và công bội \(q = \frac{1}{3}\) nên ta có:
\({S_n} = \frac{{{u_1}\left( {1 - {q^n}} \right)}}{{1 - q}} = \frac{{1\left( {1 - {{\left( {\frac{1}{3}} \right)}^n}} \right)}}{{1 - \frac{1}{3}}} = \frac{{1 - {{\left( {\frac{1}{3}} \right)}^n}}}{{\frac{2}{3}}} = \frac{3}{2}\left( {1 - \frac{1}{{{3^n}}}} \right) = \frac{3}{2} - \frac{1}{{{{2.3}^{n - 1}}}}\)
b) Ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}{S_n} = 9 + 99 + 999 + ... + \underbrace {99...9}_{n\,\,chu\,\,so\,\,9} = \left( {10 - 1} \right) + \left( {100 - 1} \right) + \left( {1000 - 1} \right) + ... + \left( {\underbrace {100...0}_{n\,\,chu\,\,so\,\,0} - 1} \right)\\ = \left( {10 + 100 + 1000 + ... + \underbrace {100...0}_{n\,\,chu\,\,so\,\,0}} \right) - n\end{array}\)
Tổng \(10 + 100 + 1000 + ... + \underbrace {100...0}_{n\,\,chu\,\,so\,\,0}\) là tổng của cấp số nhân có số hạng đầu \({u_1} = 10\) và công bội \(q = 10\) nên ta có:
\(10 + 100 + 1000 + ... + \underbrace {100...0}_{n\,\,chu\,\,s\^o \,\,0} = \frac{{10\left( {1 - {{10}^n}} \right)}}{{1 - 10}} = \frac{{10 - {{10}^{n + 1}}}}{{ - 9}} = \frac{{{{10}^{n + 1}} - 10}}{9}\)
Vậy \({S_n} = \frac{{{{10}^{n + 1}} - 10}}{9} - n = \frac{{{{10}^{n + 1}} - 10 - 9n}}{9}\)
1 : dễ mà
= \(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
1 phần 1 - 1 phần 2 = 1 phần 1.2 mà tương tự như thế đó
=> 1 - 1 phần n+1
đS
\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+..........+\frac{1}{n.\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+............+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(=\frac{n}{n+1}\)
Bài 2:Ta có:\(\frac{1}{2^2}<\frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}<\frac{1}{2.3};.................;\frac{1}{n^2}<\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...........+\frac{1}{n^2}<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+.........+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)
=\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...........+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\)
=\(1-\frac{1}{n}<1\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...........+\frac{1}{n^2}<1\)
chứng tỏ :
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{n+1-n}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{n+1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{n}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
áp dụng :
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{42}+\frac{1}{56}+\frac{1}{72}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+\frac{1}{6.7}+\frac{1}{7.8}+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(A=\frac{8}{9}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+\frac{1}{6.7}+\frac{1}{7.8}+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-.......-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\)
Lời giải: Sử dụng hằng đẳng thức \(\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\) ta có:
Sn=\(\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{1\times2}-\frac{1}{2\times3}\right]+\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{2\times3}-\frac{1}{3\times4}\right]+...\)\(+\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{1\times2}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right]=\frac{n\left(n+3\right)}{4\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(S=\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{n.\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{n.\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)}\)
1) Tính C
\(C=\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{2}{3!}+\frac{3}{4!}+....+\frac{n-1}{n!}\)
\(=\frac{2-1}{2!}+\frac{3-1}{3!}+\frac{4-1}{4!}+...+\frac{n-1}{n!}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{1}{2!}-\frac{1}{3!}+\frac{1}{3!}-\frac{1}{4!}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)!}-\frac{1}{n!}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{n!}\)
3) a) Ta có : \(P=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{199}-\frac{1}{200}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{199}+\frac{1}{200}-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{200}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{199}+\frac{1}{200}-1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}-...-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=\frac{1}{101}+\frac{1}{102}+....+\frac{1}{199}+\frac{1}{200}\left(đpcm\right)\)