Question

[Lê Quỳnh Anh]

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.

        The main difference between urban growth in Europe and in the American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism’s in little more than a century.

        In the early colonial day in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.

        This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have it front on a water highway.

           When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning and weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.

B. The evolution of cities in America

C. Trade between North American and European cities

D. The effects of the United Sates’ independence on urban growth in New England.

Answer 1

[Dương Hoàn Anh]

Chọn đáp án B

Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận về điều gì?

A. Các yếu tố làm chậm sự phát triển của các thành phố ở Châu Âu

B. Sự phát triển của các thành phố ở Mỹ

C. Thương mại giữa các thành phố Châu Âu và Bắc Mỹ

D. Những ảnh hưởng của nền độc lập nước Mỹ vào sự phát triển đô thị ở New England

Dẫn chứng: - The main difference between urban growth in Europe and in the American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. ()

-    In the early colonial day in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada.

- This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations,

rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline.

Bài đọc nói về sự phát triển của các thành phố ở nước Mỹ sau khi giành được độc lập

Dịch: - Sự khác biệt chính giữa tăng trưởng đô thị ở châu Âu và ở các thuộc địa Mỹ là sư phát triển chậm của các thành phố trong quá khứ và sự tăng trưởng nhanh chóng của chúng ở thời gian sau.

-    Vào đầu thời kỳ thuộc địa ở Bắc Mỹ, các thành phố nhỏ mọc lên dọc theo bờ biển Đại Tây Dương, phần lớn là ở New America, các thành phố nhỏ mọc dọc theo Đại Tây Dương Hoa Kỳ và ở thung lũng Saint Lawrence thấp hơn ở Canada

Điều này không đúng ở miền Nam thuộc địa, nơi cuộc sống tập trung quanh các trang trại lớn được gọi là đồn điền, chứ không phải quanh các thị trấn, như trường hợp ở các khu vực xa hơn về phía bắc dọc theo bờ biển Đại Tây Dương