I n = ∫ 0 π 2 sin n xdx , n ∈ N *
Chứng minh rằng: I n = n - 1 n I n - 2 , n > 2
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Lời giải:
\(\frac{d}{n(n+d)}=\frac{(n+d)-n}{n(n+d)}=\frac{n+d}{n(n+d)}-\frac{n}{n(n+d)}=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+d}\)
Ta có đpcm.
b) với mọi a,b,c ϵ R và x,y,z ≥ 0 có :
\(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\left(1\right)\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra ⇔\(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\)
Thật vậy với a,b∈ R và x,y ≥ 0 ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{x}=\frac{b^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\left(2\right)\)
⇔\(\frac{a^2y}{xy}+\frac{b^2x}{xy}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\)
⇔\(\frac{a^2y+b^2x}{xy}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\)
⇔\(\frac{a^2y+b^2x}{xy}.\left(x+y\right)xy\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}.\left(x+y\right)xy\)
⇔\(\left(a^2y+b^2x\right)\left(x+y\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2xy\)
⇔\(a^2xy+b^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2xy\ge a^2xy+2abxy+b^2xy\)
⇔\(b^2x^2+a^2y^2-2abxy\ge0\)
⇔\(\left(bx-ay\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng )
Áp dụng BĐT (2) có:
\(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}+\frac{c^2}{z}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra ⇔\(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}
\)
= \(\frac{1}{a^2}.\frac{1}{ab+ac}+\frac{1}{b^2}.\frac{1}{bc+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2}.\frac{1}{ac+bc}\)
=\(\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{ab+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{bc+ab}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{ac+bc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT (1) ta có:
\(\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{ab+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{bc+ab}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{ac+bc}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}++\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)
Mà abc=1⇒\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=\frac{1}{c}\\bc=\frac{1}{a}\\ac=\frac{1}{b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{ab+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{bc+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{ac+bc}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)}\)
\(\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{ab+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{bc+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{ac+bc}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{1}}=3\)( BĐT cosi )
⇒\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\)
⇒\(\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{ab+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{bc+ac}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{ac+bc}\ge\frac{1}{2}.3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Tham khảo bài làm :
Câu hỏi của êfe - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Chứng minh rằng :
\(a.\)
\(3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n⋮10\)
\(b.\)
\(3^{n+3}+3^{n+1}+2^{n+3}+2^{n+2}⋮6\)
\(.a.\) \(3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n⋮10\)
Ta có : \(3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n\)
\(=3^n.\left(3^2+2\right)-2^n.\left(2^2+1\right)\)
\(=3^n.10-2^{n-1}.2.5\)
\(=3^n.10-2^{n-1}.10\)
\(=10.\left(3^n-2^{n-1}\right)⋮10\) \(\left(dpcm\right)\)
Vậy : \(3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n⋮10\)
\(.b.\) \(3^{n+3}+3^{n+1}+2^{n+3}+2^{n+2}⋮6\)
\(=3^n.30+2^n.12\)
\(=6\left(3^n.5+2^{n+1}\right)⋮6\) \(\left(dpcm\right)\)
Vậy : \(3^{n+3}+3^{n+1}+2^{n+3}+2^{n+2}⋮6\)
a)\(VT=3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n\)
\(=\left(3^{n+2}+3^n\right)-\left(2^{n+2}+2^n\right)\)
\(=3^n\left(3^2+1\right)-2^n\left(2^2+1\right)\)
\(=3^n\cdot10-2^n\cdot5\)
\(=3^n\cdot10-2^{n-1}\cdot2\cdot5\)
\(=3^n\cdot10-2^{n-1}\cdot10\)
\(=10\cdot\left(3^n-2^{n-1}\right)⋮10\)
b)\(VT=3^{n+3}+3^{n+1}+2^{n+3}+2^{n+2}\)
\(=\left(3^{n+3}+3^{n+1}\right)+\left(2^{n+3}+2^{n+2}\right)\)
\(=3^{n+1}\left(3^2+1\right)+2^{n+2}\left(2+1\right)\)
\(=3^{n+1}\cdot10+2^{n+2}\cdot3\)
\(=3^n\cdot3\cdot2\cdot5+2^{n+1}\cdot2\cdot3\)
\(=3^n\cdot5\cdot6+2^{n+1}\cdot6\)
\(=6\cdot\left(3^n\cdot5+2^{n+1}\right)⋮6\)
Xét với n > 2, ta có:
Dùng tích phân từng phần với u = sin n - 1 x và dv = sinx.dx, ta có:
Vậy I n = n - 1 n I n - 2 , n > 2