Tính các tích phân sau: ∫ - 2 4 x - 2 x + 3 2 d x (đặt t = x + 3)
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`a, 9x^2 - 16 = (3x+4)(3x-4)`
`b, 4x^2 - 12xy + 9y^2 = (2x-3y)^2`
`c, t^3-8 = (t-2)(t^2 - 2t + 4)`
`d, 2ax^3y^3 + 2a = 2a(x^3y^3 + 1) = 2a(xy+1)(x^2y^2 - xy + 1)`
a) \(\left(9x^2-16\right)=\left(3x-4\right)\left(3x+4\right)\)
b) \(4x^2-12xy+9y^2=\left(2x-3y\right)^2\)
c) \(t^3-8=\left(t-2\right)\left(t^2+2t+4\right)\)
d) \(2ax^3y^3+2a=2a\left(x^3y^3+1\right)\)
\(Dat:a^2+a+1=b\Rightarrow....=a\left(a+1\right)-12=\left(a+4\right)\left(a-3\right)\)
=
a) \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\) (1)
Đặt x2 + x +1 = t
Ta có : \(t\left(t+1\right)-12=t^2+t-12=t^2-3t+4t-12\)
\(=t\left(t-3\right)+4\left(t-3\right)=\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
Thay vào (1), ta được : \(\left(x^2+x+1-3\right)\left(x^2+x+1+4\right)=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
b) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\) (2)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\)
Đặt x2 + 7x + 11 = y
Ta có : \(\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)-24=y^2-1-24=y^2-25=\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)\)
Thay vào (2), ta được : \(\left(x^2+7x+11-5\right)\left(x^2+7x+11+5\right)=\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
`a, 4x^3 - 16x = 4x(x^2-4) = 4x(x-2)(x+2)`
`b, x^4 - y^4 = (x^2-y^2)(x^2+y^2) = (x-y)(x+y)(x^2+y^2)`
`c, xy^2 + x^2y + 1/4y^3`
`= y(xy + x^2 + 1/4y^2)`
`d, x^2 + 2x - y^2 + 1 = (x+1)^2 - y^2`
`= (x+1+y)(x+1-y)`
\(a,\left(x-1\right)^2-2^2=\left(x-1-2\right)\left(x-1+2\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ b,=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.3+3^2\\ =\left(2x+3\right)^2\\ c,=x^3-\left(2y\right)^3\\ =\left(x-2y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)\\ d,=x^3\left(x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)\\ =\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(e,=-4x^2\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\\ =\left(1-4x^2\right)\left(x-1\right)\\ =\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(f,=\left(2x\right)^3+3.\left(2x\right)^2.1+3.2x.1^2+1^3\\ =\left(2x+1\right)^3\)
Bài 1:
b: \(=\dfrac{x+3-4-x}{x-2}=\dfrac{-1}{x-2}\)
Bài 2:
a: \(=\dfrac{x+1}{2\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{2x+3}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x+4x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+5x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x+2}{2x}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{3}{2x^2y}+\dfrac{5}{xy^2}+\dfrac{x}{y^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{3y^2+10xy+2x^3}{2x^2y^3}\)
e: \(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+x^2-2xy-4xy}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}=\dfrac{2x^2-4xy}{\left(x+2y\right)\cdot\left(x-2y\right)}=\dfrac{2x}{x+2y}\)
a) \(x^4+4=x^4+4x^2+4-4\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-4x^2=\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\)
b) \(B=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)-24\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+5=t\)
Khi đó ta có: \(B=\left(t-1\right)\left(t+1\right)-24=t^2-25=\left(t-5\right)\left(t+5\right)\)
Thay trở lại ta được:
\(B=\left(x^2+5x\right)\left(x^2+5x+10\right)=x\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2+5x+10\right)\)