Nếu lim x → 2 f ( x ) = 5 thì lim x → 2 [ 3 - 4 f ( x ) ] bằng bao nhiêu?
A. -18
B. -1
C. 1
D. -17
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Do \(x-1\rightarrow0\) khi \(x\rightarrow1\) nên \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-5}{x-1}=2\) hữu hạn khi và chỉ khi \(f\left(x\right)-5=0\) có nghiệm \(x=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(1\right)-5=0\Rightarrow f\left(1\right)=5\)
Tương tự ta có \(g\left(1\right)=1\)
Do đó: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{\sqrt{f\left(x\right).g\left(x\right)+4}-3}{x-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{f\left(x\right).g\left(x\right)-5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{f\left(x\right).g\left(x\right)+4}+3\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{\left[f\left(x\right)-5\right].g\left(x\right)+5\left[g\left(x\right)-1\right]}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{f\left(x\right).g\left(x\right)+4}+3\right)}\)
\(=\left(2.1+5.3\right).\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5.1+4}+3}=\dfrac{17}{6}\)
Em làm như này được ko anh?
Tìm lim f(x) theo lim của x, rồi thế vô biểu thức, ví dụ như: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-5}{x-1}=2\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\left[2\left(x-1\right)+5\right]\)
Vậy là mình có thể chuyển từ tìm lim f(x) sang lim của hàm số chứa x
a: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}x^2-3=3^2-3=6\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}x+3=3+3=6\)
b: Vì \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}f\left(x\right)=6\)
nên hàm số tồn tại lim khi x=3
=>\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}f\left(x\right)=6\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-80}{x-3}\) hữu hạn \(\Rightarrow f\left(3\right)=80\)
Sử dụng hẳng đẳng thức: \(a-b=\dfrac{a^4-b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-80}{\left[\sqrt[4]{f\left(x\right)+1}+3\right]\left[\sqrt[]{f\left(x\right)+1}+9\right]}}{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-80}{x-3}.\dfrac{1}{\left[\sqrt[4]{f\left(x\right)+1}+3\right]\left[\sqrt[]{f\left(x\right)+1}+9\right]\left(2x-5\right)}\)
\(=5.\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt[4]{80+1}+3\right)\left(\sqrt[]{80+1}+9\right)\left(2.3-5\right)}\)
Vì \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ - }} f\left( x \right) = 3 \ne \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ + }} f\left( x \right) = 5\) nên không tồn tại giới hạn \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} f\left( x \right)\)
Do \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-3}{x-2}=5\Rightarrow\) chọn \(f\left(x\right)=5\left(x-2\right)+3=5x-7\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\sqrt[]{5x-7+6}-\sqrt[3]{x+25}}{x-2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\sqrt[]{5x-1}-3+3-\sqrt[3]{x+25}}{x-2}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt[]{5x-1}+3}-\dfrac{x-2}{9+3\sqrt[3]{x+25}+\sqrt[3]{\left(x+25\right)^2}}}{x-2}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\left(\dfrac{5}{\sqrt[]{5x-1}+3}-\dfrac{1}{9+3\sqrt[3]{x+25}+\sqrt[3]{\left(x+25\right)^2}}\right)=\dfrac{5}{3+3}-\dfrac{1}{9+9+9}=\dfrac{43}{54}\)
Lời giải:
Theo định nghĩa về giới hạn thì khi \(\lim_{x\to -\infty}f(x)=2; \lim_{x\to -\infty}g(x)=3\) thì \(\lim_{x\to -\infty}[f(x)-2]=0; \lim_{x\to -\infty}[g(x)-3]=0\)
Khi đó, theo định nghĩa về giới hạn 0 thì với mọi số \(\epsilon >0\) ta tìm được tương ứng $n_1,n_2$ sao cho:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} |f(x)-2|<\frac{\epsilon}{2}\forall n>n_1\\ |g(x)-3|< \frac{\epsilon}{2}\forall n>n_2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(n_0=\max (n_1,n_2)\)
\(\Rightarrow |f(x)-2+g(x)-3|< |f(x)-2|+|g(x)-3|< \frac{\epsilon}{2}+\frac{\epsilon}{2}=\epsilon \) \(\forall n>n_0\)
Điều này chứng tỏ \(f(x)-2+g(x)-3=f(x)+g(x)-5\) có giới hạn 0
\(\Rightarrow \lim_{x\to -\infty}[f(x)+g(x)]=5\)
Chọn F(x)=5x-23
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-2}{x-5}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{5x-23-2}{x-5}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{5x-25}{x-5}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{5\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}=5\)
=>f(x)=5x-23 thỏa mãn yêu cầu đề bài
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\sqrt{3\cdot f\left(x\right)+10}+\sqrt{f^3\left(x\right)+1}-7}{x^2-25}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(5x-23\right)+10}+\sqrt{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1}-7}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\sqrt{15x-59}+\sqrt{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1}-7}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\sqrt{15x-59}-4+\sqrt{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1}-3}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\dfrac{15x-59-16}{\sqrt{15x-59}+4}+\dfrac{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1-9}{\sqrt{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1}+3}}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\dfrac{15\left(x-5\right)}{\sqrt{15x-59}+4}+\dfrac{\left(5x-23\right)^3-8}{\sqrt{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1}+3}}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\dfrac{15\left(x-5\right)}{\sqrt{15x-59}+4}+\dfrac{\left(5x-23-2\right)\left[\left(5x-23\right)^2+2\left(5x-23\right)+4\right]}{\sqrt{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1}+3}}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{15x-59}+4}+\dfrac{5\cdot\left(25x^2-230x+529+10x-46+4\right)}{\sqrt{\left(5x-23\right)^3+1}+3}}{x+5}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{15\cdot5-59}+4}+\dfrac{5\left(25\cdot5^2-220\cdot5+487\right)}{\sqrt{\left(5\cdot5-23\right)^3+1}+3}}{5+5}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{15}{8}+\dfrac{5\cdot12}{6}}{10}=\dfrac{19}{16}\)
Do \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-2}{x-5}\) hữu hạn nên \(f\left(x\right)-2=0\) có nghiệm \(x=5\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(5\right)=2\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\sqrt{3f\left(x\right)+10}-4+\sqrt{f^3\left(x\right)+1}-3}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\dfrac{3\left[f\left(x\right)-2\right]}{\sqrt{3f\left(x\right)+10}+4}+\dfrac{\left[f\left(x\right)-2\right]\left[f^2\left(x\right)+2f\left(x\right)+4\right]}{\sqrt{f^3\left(x\right)+1}+3}}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow5}\dfrac{\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-2}{x-5}.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3f\left(x\right)+10}+4}+\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-2}{x-5}.\dfrac{f^2\left(x\right)+2f\left(x\right)+4}{\sqrt{f^3\left(x\right)+1}+3}}{x+5}\)
\(=\dfrac{5.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3.2+10}+4}+5.\dfrac{2^2+2.2+4}{\sqrt{2^3+1}+3}}{5+5}=\)
\(a=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x-1\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}{x^2+x-1}=\frac{4}{1}=4\)
\(b=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^4-x^3+x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\frac{x^4-x^3+x^2-x+1}{x^2-x+1}=\frac{5}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)^2}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-9\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{0}{60}=0\)
\(d=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{4x^6-5x^5+x}{x^2-2x+1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{24x^5-25x^4+1}{2x-2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{120x^4-100x^3}{2}=10\)
\(e=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{mx^{m-1}}{nx^{n-1}}=\frac{m}{n}\)
\(f=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-2}\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}{\left(x+2\right)x^2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-2}\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}{x^2}=-8\)
Hai câu d, e khai triển thì dài quá nên làm biếng sử dụng L'Hopital