Phân tích thành nhân tử:
x2 – 3
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x 2 + 4 x + 3 = x 2 + x + 3 x + 3 = x 2 + x + 3 x + 3 = x x + 1 + 3 x + 1 = x + 1 x + 3
x2 + 2x – 3
= x2 + 2x + 1 – 4
= (x + 1)2 – 22
= (x + 1 + 2)(x + 1 – 2)
= (x + 3)(x – 1)
Chọn đáp án A.
Ta có:
x 2 - 2 3 . x + 3 = x 2 - 2 x ( 3 ) + ( 3 ) 2 = ( x - 3 ) 2
Cách 1: x2 – 4x + 3
= x2 – x – 3x + 3
(Tách –4x = –x – 3x)
= x(x – 1) – 3(x – 1)
(Có x – 1 là nhân tử chung)
= (x – 1)(x – 3)
Cách 2: x2 – 4x + 3
= x2 – 2.x.2 + 22 + 3 – 22
(Thêm bớt 22 để có HĐT (2))
= (x – 2)2 – 1
(Xuất hiện HĐT (3))
= (x – 2 – 1)(x – 2 + 1)
= (x – 3)(x – 1)
Bài 2:
a: \(x^2+5x-6=\left(x+6\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b: \(5x^2+5xy-x-y\)
\(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
c:\(-6x^2+7x-2\)
\(=-6x^2+3x+4x-2\)
\(=-3x\left(2x-1\right)+2\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(-3x+2\right)\)
1.
a) \(=x^2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2\)
b) \(=\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)
c) \(=5\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4z^2\right]=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]\)
\(=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)
2.
a) \(=x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b) \(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
c) \(=-\left[3x\left(2x-1\right)-2\left(2x-1\right)\right]=-\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)
3.
b) \(=2x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
c) \(=-\left[5x\left(x-3\right)-1\left(x-3\right)\right]=-\left(x-3\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
4.
a) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\Rightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(2-x\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=3\left(x-1\right)+x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
x2 - 3 = x2 - (√3)2 = (x - √3)(x + √3)