Đốt cháy hoàn toàn một hỗn hợp khí Z gồm CO và H 2 cần dùng 4,48 lít khí O 2 (đktc). Thể tích khí sinh ra chứa 3,36 lít C O 2 . Hãy tính thành phần phần trăm theo thể tích mỗi khí trong hỗn hợp ban đầu.
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
0,2<---0,1<--------0,2
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,4<--0,2<-------0,2
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,4}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{H_2}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
0,3<--0,15<------0,3
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,1<--0,05
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO}=\%n_{CO}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3+0,1}.100\%=75\%\\\%V_{H_2}=100\%-75\%=25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right),n_{H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.5\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=2a+b=\dfrac{12.6}{18}=0.7\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.2,b=0.3\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2\) (1)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\) (2)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{CO}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4+0,2}\cdot100\%\approx66,67\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{CO}=33,33\%\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(CO+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
0,3 0,3
\(n_{H_2}=0,5-0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%_{V_{CO}}=\dfrac{0,3.22,4.100}{11,2}=60\%\)
\(\%_{V_{H_2}}=\dfrac{0,2.22,4.100}{11,2}=40\%\)
☕T.Lam
Gọi số mol CO, CH4 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
a--->0,5a
CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
b--->2b
=> 0,5a + 2b = 0,2
=> a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,05 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}.100\%=80\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,25}.100\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2CO+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2\\ CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\\ Đặt:n_{CO}=a\left(mol\right);n_{CH_4}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,25\\0,5a+2b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%V_{\dfrac{CO}{hh}}=\%n_{\dfrac{CO}{hh}}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}.100=80\%;\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-80\%=20\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
0,2 0,1 0,2
-> nO2 = 0,3 - 0,1 = 0,2 (mol)
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,4 0,2
\(\rightarrow n_{hhkhí}=0,1+0,4=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=40\%\\\%V_{H_2}=100\%-40\%=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CH_4} = a\ mol ;n_{C_2H_6} = b\ mol\\ \Rightarrow a + b = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4}= 0,15(1)\\ CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ C_2H_6 + \dfrac{7}{2}O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2 + 3H_2O\\ n_{CO_2} = a + 2b = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,1 ;b = 0,05\\ \Rightarrow \%V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,15}.100\% = 66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_6} = 100\% - 66,67\% = 33,33\%\)
\(n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right),n_{C_2H_6}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.15\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+2b=0.2\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.05\)
\(\%CH_4=\dfrac{0.1}{0.15}\cdot100\%=66.67\%\)
\(\%C_2H_6=33.33\%\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\rightarrow2CO_2+H_2O\)
Từ hai pt trên:\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,15\\x+2y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1+0,05}\cdot100\%=66,67\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{V_{CO_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
Gọi \(n_{CH_4}\) là x \(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4}=22,4x\)
\(n_{C_2H_2}\) là y \(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_2}=22,4y\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x x ( mol )
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}22,4x+22,4y=3,36\\x+2y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4}=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_2}=22,4.0,05=1,12l\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{3,36}.100=66,67\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)