Cho \(x=1+\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}.\) Tính \(A=\sqrt{x^3-3x^2-3x+2020}.\)
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\(x=1+\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}\Rightarrow x-1=\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3=\left(\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1=6+6\left(\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1=6+6\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-3x^2-3x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1+2020=2021\)
Xét: \(A^3=x^3+3A\sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{4}}\Leftrightarrow A^3=x^3-3x+3A\Leftrightarrow A^3-3A-x^3+3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(A-x\right)\left(A^2+Ax+x^2\right)-3\left(A-x\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(A-x\right)\left(A^2+Ax+x^2-3\right)=0\)
\(\cdot A-x=0\Leftrightarrow A=x=\sqrt[3]{1995}\)
\(\cdot A^2+Ax+x^2-3=0\) có \(\Delta=3\left(4-x^2\right)< 0\)vì \(x=\sqrt[3]{1995}\)
Do đó phương trình cuối vô nghiệm. Vậy \(A=\sqrt[3]{1995}\)
Bài 3: \(3\left(\sqrt{2x^2+1}-1\right)=x\left(1+3x+8\sqrt{2x^2+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3-8x\right)\sqrt{2x^2+1}=3x^2+x+3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3-8x\right)^2\left(2x^2+1\right)=\left(3x^2+x+3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow119x^4-102x^3+63x^2-54x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(7x-6\right)\left(17x^2+9\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=\frac{6}{7}\end{cases}}\)
Thử lại, ta nhận được \(x=0\)là nghiệm duy nhất của phương trình
\(a,ĐK:x\ge0;x\ne9\\ A=\dfrac{2x-6\sqrt{x}+x+3\sqrt{x}-3x-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}:\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2-\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-3}\\ A=\dfrac{-3\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\\ b,x=13-4\sqrt{3}=\left(2\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{-3}{2\sqrt{3}-1+3}=\dfrac{-3}{2\sqrt{3}+2}=\dfrac{-3\left(2\sqrt{3}-2\right)}{8}\)
\(c,A< -\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-3}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{2\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-3< 0\left(\sqrt{x}+3>0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}< 3\Leftrightarrow0\le x< 9\\ d,A=-\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}+6=9\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{4}\left(tm\right)\\ e,\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+3\inƯ\left(-3\right)=\left\{-3;-1;1;3\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=0\left(\sqrt{x}\ge0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tm\right)\\ f,\sqrt{x}+3\ge3\\ \Leftrightarrow A=-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\ge-\dfrac{3}{3}=-1\\ A_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow x=0\)