Giúp mình với mọi người, mình biết cách chứng minh rồi nhưng chưa hiểu lắm, mọi người làm lúc nào cũng được.
Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{a^n+b^n+c^n}{3}\ge\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^n,\forall a,b,c>0;n\in N\)
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1: \(\Leftrightarrow a^5-a^4b+b^5-ab^4>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4\left(a-b\right)-b^4\left(a-b\right)>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\cdot\left(a+b\right)\cdot\left(a^2+b^2\right)>=0\)(luôn đúng khi a,b dương)
b/
\(a^3+a^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^6}=3a^2\)
Tương tự: \(2b^3+1\ge3b^2\) ; \(2c^3+1\ge3c^2\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-3\)
Mặt khác ta lại có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-3\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2\right)^2}+\frac{b+2}{27}+\frac{b+2}{27}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3\left(b+2\right)^2}{27^2.\left(b+2\right)^2}}=\frac{a}{3}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2\right)^2}+\frac{c+2}{27}+\frac{c+2}{27}\ge\frac{b}{3}\) ; \(\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2\right)^2}+\frac{a+2}{27}+\frac{a+2}{27}\ge\frac{c}{3}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{27}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT+\frac{2}{3}\ge1\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{1}{3}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
<=> \(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
<=> \(2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
<=> \(\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
<=> \(\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{c+a}+1+1+\frac{b+c}{c+a}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}+1+\frac{c+a}{a+b}\ge9\)
<=> \(\left(\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}\right)+\left(\frac{a+b}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{a+b}\right)+\left(\frac{b+c}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}\right)\ge6\)(đúng)
=> ĐPCM
Mình làm cách đơn giản nhất nhá :))
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}+3=\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c+a}+1\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge\frac{9\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{2}\left(Cauchy-Schwarz\right)\)
Hay \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}+3\ge\frac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có : \(S=\frac{3}{1.4}+\frac{3}{4.7}+...+\frac{3}{n\left(n+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+3}\)
\(S=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{n+3}\)
\(S=\frac{n+3}{n+3}-\frac{1}{n+3}=\frac{n+3-1}{n+3}=\frac{n+2}{n+3}<1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
Xét \(\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 bộ thực không âm
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{abc}\le\frac{a+b+c}{3}\\\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhân từng vế:
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\ge\frac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\) ( đpcm )
Bài này bạn chỉ cần chuyển vế biến đổi thôi là được , mình làm mẫu câu 2) :
\(\frac{a^2}{m}+\frac{b^2}{n}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{m+n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2n+b^2m}{mn}-\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{m+n}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(m+n\right)\left(a^2n+b^2m\right)-\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right).mn}{mn\left(m+n\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2mn+\left(bm\right)^2+\left(an\right)^2+b^2mn-a^2mn-2abmn-b^2mn}{mn\left(m+n\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(bm-an\right)^2}{mn\left(m+n\right)}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow bm=an\)
Câu 3) áp dụng câu 2) để chứng minh dễ dàng hơn, ghép cặp 2 .
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^n+\left(n-1\right)\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^n\ge n\sqrt[n]{a^n\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{n\left(n-1\right)}}=n\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{n-1}a\\b^n+\left(n-1\right)\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^n\ge n\sqrt[n]{b^n\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{n\left(n-1\right)}}=n\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{n-1}b\\c^n+\left(n-1\right)\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^n\ge n\sqrt[n]{c^n\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{n\left(n-1\right)}}=n\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{n-1}c\end{cases}}\)
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\(\Rightarrow\left(a^n+b^n+c^n\right)\ge n\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{n-1}\left(a+b+c\right)-3\left(n-1\right)\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^n\)\(=3\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^n\)