Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
A= 4x3 - 3x2 + 14x -15
B= 5x3 + 4x2 + x +26
C= 9a3 - 5a2b +4ab2 +18b3
D= 2a3 +9a2b +13ab2 + 6b3
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\(A=x^2-y^2+7x+7y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+7\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+7\right)\)
\(B=4x^3-4x^2+x\)
\(=x\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
\(C=x^2-6xy+9y^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-3y-3\right)\left(x-3y+3\right)\)
A=\(x^2+7x+7y-y^2=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(7x+7y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+7\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+7\right)\)
B=\(4x^3-4x^2+x=x\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)=x\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
C=\(x^2+9y^2-9-6xy=\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)-9=\left(x-3y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-3y-3\right)\left(x-3y+3\right)\)
a) \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
b) \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1+2x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
c) \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27=x^3-3x^2-x^2+3x+9x-27=x^2\left(x-3\right)-x\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)
d) \(a^6-a^4+2a^3+2a^2=a^2\left(a^4-a^2+2a+2\right)=a^2\left[a^2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+2\left(a+1\right)\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left(a^3-a^2+2\right)=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left[a^3+a^2-2a^2+2\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left[a^2\left(a+1\right)-2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)^2\left(a^2-2a+2\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y\)
\(=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
a) \(5x+10y=5\left(x+2y\right)\)
b) \(3x^3-12x=3x\left(x^2-4\right)=3x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
c) \(4x^2+9x-4xy-9y=4x\left(x-y\right)+9\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(4x+9\right)\)
d) \(3x^2+5y-3xy-5x=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
\(9a^3-13a+6=\left(9a^3-6a^2\right)+\left(6a^2-4a\right)-\left(9a-6\right)=3a^2\left(3a-2\right)+2a\left(3a-2\right)-3\left(3a-2\right)=\left(3a-2\right)\left(3a^2+2a-3\right)\)
\(x^4-4x^3+8x+3=\left(x^4+x^3\right)-\left(5x^3+5x^2\right)+\left(5x^2+5x\right)+\left(3x+3\right)=x^3\left(x+1\right)-5x^2\left(x+1\right)+5x\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-5x^2+5x+3\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x^3-3x^2\right)-\left(2x^2-6x\right)-\left(x-3\right)\right]=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)\)
Bài 2:
a) \(3x^2-7x-10=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
b) \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)
d) \(4x^2-y^2-6x+3y=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)-3\left(2x-y\right)=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y-3\right)\)
e) \(1-2a+2bc+a^2-b^2-c^2=\left(a-1\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(a-1-b+c\right)\left(a-1+b-c\right)\)
f) \(x^3-3x^2-4x+12=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
g) \(x^4+64=\left(x^2+8\right)^2-16x^2=\left(x^2+8-4x\right)\left(x^2+6+4x\right)\)h) \(x^4-5x^2+4=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
i) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)^2+8\left(x^2+8x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+11\right)^2\)
a: \(3x^2-7x-10\)
\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
b: \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)
c: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)
a,x3-27+3x(x-3)
=(x-3)(x2+3x+9)+3x(x-3)
=(x-3)(x2+6x+9)
=(x-3)(x+3)2
b,5x3-7x2+10x-14
= x2(5x-7)+2(5x-7)
= (5x-7)(x2+2)
a,x3-27+3x(x-3)
=(x-3)(x2+3x+9)+3x(x-3)
=(x-3)(x2+3x+9+3x)
=(x-3)(x2+6x+9)
=(x-3)(x+3)2
b,5x3-7x2+10x-14
=(5x3+10x)-(7x2+14)
=5x(x2+2)-7(x2+2)
=(x2+2)(5x-7)
a) 7x – 14 = 7(x - 2)
b) 5x3 - 10x2y +5xy2 = 5x(x2 - 2xy - y2) = 5x(x - y)2
c) 25 – x2= (x - 5)(x + 5)
a, \(7\left(x-2\right)\)
c, \(\left(5-x\right)\left(5+x\right)\)