Bài 1 : Tính giá trị của biểu thức :
1) \(\left(\frac{12}{32}+\frac{5}{-20}-\frac{10}{24}\right)\): \(\frac{2}{3}\)
2) 4\(\frac{1}{2}\): (2,5 - 3\(\frac{3}{4}\)) + \(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\)2
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a)
\(\begin{array}{l}A = \left( {2 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{5}} \right) - \left( {7 - \frac{3}{5} - \frac{4}{3}} \right) - \left( {\frac{1}{5} + \frac{5}{3} - 4} \right).\\A = \left( {\frac{{30}}{{15}} + \frac{5}{{15}} - \frac{6}{{15}}} \right) - \left( {\frac{{105}}{{15}} - \frac{9}{{15}} - \frac{{20}}{{15}}} \right) - \left( {\frac{3}{{15}} + \frac{{25}}{{15}} - \frac{{60}}{{15}}} \right)\\A = \frac{{29}}{{15}} - \frac{{76}}{{15}} - \left( {\frac{{ - 32}}{{15}}} \right)\\A = \frac{{29}}{{15}} - \frac{{76}}{{15}} + \frac{{32}}{{15}}\\A = \frac{{ - 15}}{{15}}\\A = - 1\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}A = \left( {2 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{5}} \right) - \left( {7 - \frac{3}{5} - \frac{4}{3}} \right) - \left( {\frac{1}{5} + \frac{5}{3} - 4} \right)\\A = 2 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{5} - 7 + \frac{3}{5} + \frac{4}{3} - \frac{1}{5} - \frac{5}{3} + 4\\A = \left( {2 - 7 + 4} \right) + \left( {\frac{1}{3} + \frac{4}{3} - \frac{5}{3}} \right) + \left( { - \frac{2}{5} + \frac{3}{5} - \frac{1}{5}} \right)\\A = - 1 + 0 + 0 = - 1\end{array}\)
a) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{-2}\cdot3^2\cdot12^0=16\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{12}\right)^{-1}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{-2}=27\)
c) \(\left(2^{-2}\cdot5^2\right)^{-2}:\left(5\cdot5^{-5}\right)=16\)
\(M=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{12}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{-15}+\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^{-4}\cdot5^{-4}\cdot32\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{-3}+2^{-4}\cdot32\)
\(=27+\dfrac{32}{16}=27+2=29\)
Bài 2:
\(B=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right).......\left(1-\frac{1}{2004}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}....\frac{2003}{2004}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2004}\)
a) \(\frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\frac{2}{5} + \frac{2}{5}.\left( { - \frac{5}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} = \frac{2}{5}.\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{7} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\\ = \frac{2}{5}.\left( {\frac{{ - 6}}{{14}} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\\ = \frac{2}{5}.\frac{{ - 11}}{{14}} - \frac{{18}}{{35}} = \frac{{ - 11}}{{35}} - \frac{{18}}{{35}} = \frac{{ -29}}{{35}}\end{array}\)
b) \(\left( {\frac{2}{3} - \frac{5}{{11}} + \frac{1}{4}} \right):\left( {1 + \frac{5}{{12}} - \frac{7}{{11}}} \right)\)
\(\begin{array}{l} = \left( {\frac{{2.11.4}}{{3.11.4}} - \frac{{5.3.4}}{{11.3.4}} + \frac{{1.3.11}}{{4.3.11}}} \right):\left( {\frac{11.12}{11.12} + \frac{{5.11}}{{12.11}} - \frac{{7.12}}{{11.12}}} \right)\\ = \left( {\frac{{88 - 60 + 33}}{{121}}} \right):\left( { \frac{{121+55 - 84}}{{121}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{61}}{{121}}:\frac{{92}}{{121}} = \frac{{61}}{{121}}.\frac{{121}}{{92}}= \frac{{61}}{{92}}\end{array}\)
c) \(\left( {13,6 - 37,8} \right).\left( { - 3,2} \right)\)
\( = \left( { - 24,2} \right).\left( { - 3,2} \right) = 77,44\)
d) \(\left( { - 25,4} \right).\left( {18,5 + 43,6 - 16,8} \right):12,7\)
\(\begin{array}{l} = \left( { - 25,4} \right).\left( {62,1 - 16,8} \right):12,7\\ = \left( { - 25,4} \right).45,3:12,7\\ = \left( { - 25,4} \right):12,7.45,3\\ = (- 2).45,3 = - 90,6\end{array}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{5}{14}\right)-\dfrac{18}{35}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\dfrac{-6-5}{14}-\dfrac{18}{35}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\dfrac{-11}{14}-\dfrac{18}{35}=-\dfrac{22}{70}-\dfrac{18}{35}=\dfrac{-58}{70}=-\dfrac{29}{35}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{88-60+33}{132}:\dfrac{132+55-84}{132}\)
\(=\dfrac{61}{132}\cdot\dfrac{132}{103}=\dfrac{61}{103}\)
c: \(=-24.2\cdot\left(-3.2\right)=24.2\cdot3.2=77.44\)
d: \(=\dfrac{-25.4}{12.7}\cdot45.3=-2\cdot45.3=-90.6\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{3}{1.4}+\frac{3}{4.7}+...+\frac{3}{100.103}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}.\left(1-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{103}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}.\left(1-\frac{1}{103}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{102}{103}\)
\(B=\frac{34}{103}\)
Bài 3: đổi ra phân số rồi tính, đổi:\(1,5=\frac{15}{10};2,5=\frac{25}{10};1\frac{3}{4}=\frac{7}{12}\)(cái này ko giải dùm, đổi ra như thek rồi tính nha)
\(B=\frac{1}{1.4}+\frac{1}{4.7}+\frac{1}{7.10}+...+\frac{1}{100.103}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{3}{1.4}+\frac{3}{4.7}+\frac{3}{7.10}+...+\frac{3}{100.103}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(1-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{103}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(1-\frac{1}{103}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{102}{103}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}.\frac{34}{103}=\frac{34}{103}\)
\(\left(\frac{12}{32}+\frac{5}{-20}-\frac{10}{24}\right):\frac{2}{3}=\left(\frac{1}{8}-\frac{10}{24}\right):\frac{2}{3}=-\frac{7}{24}:\frac{2}{3}=-\frac{7}{16}\)
\(4\frac{1}{2}:\left(2,5-3\frac{3}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{9}{2}:\left(2,5-\frac{15}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{2}:-\frac{5}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=-\frac{18}{5}+\frac{1}{4}=-\frac{67}{20}\)