Cho Al2O3 tác dụng vs 100 gam dung dich HCl 21,9%
a) tìm khoiluong Al2O3 tham gia phản ứng
b) tìm C% thu thu đc sau phản ứng
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\(\text{PTHH: }Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(0,1\)____\(0,6\)
\(\text{a) }n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(\text{mol}\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\frac{9,125\times400}{100}=36,5\left(\text{g}\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\frac{36,5}{36,5}=1\left(\text{mol}\right)\)
\(\text{So sánh tỉ lệ: }\frac{0,1}{1}
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{20}.100\%=32,5\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=67,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: mAl2O3 = 20 - 0,1.65 = 13,5 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{13,5}{102}=\dfrac{9}{68}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{169}{170}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{169}{170}}{1}\approx0,994\left(l\right)\)
d, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{9}{34}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{9}{34}.133,5\approx35,34\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{30,6}{102}=0,3(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.21,9}{100.36,5}=0,6(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(b,\)Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Al_2O_3}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{6}\) nên \(Al_2O_3\) dư
\(n_{Al_2O_3(dư)}=0,3-\dfrac{1}{6}.0,6=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3(dư)}=0,2.102=20,4(g)\\ c,n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,6=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{100+30,6}.100\%=20,44\%\\ C\%_{Al_2O_3(dư)}=\dfrac{20,4}{100+30,6}.100\%=15,62\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
______0,1->0,075-->0,05
a) VO2 = 0,075.22,4 = 1,68(l)
b) mAl2O3 = 0,05.102 = 5,1 (g)
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{19,2}{32}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,8mol\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,8\cdot27=21,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\cdot102=40,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe} =\dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\\ \)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
0,2.....0,4.........0,2........0,2..............(mol)
Vậy :
V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)
\(m_{FeCl_2} = 0,2.127=25,4(gam)\)
\(m_{HCl} = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6(gam)\)
PTHH: Fe+2HCl → FeCl2+H2
a, nFe=m:M=11,2:56=0,2 mol
Theo PTHH, nFe=nH2=0,2 mol
VH2=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48 lít
b, Theo PTHH, nFeCl2=nFe=0,2
mFeCl2=n.M=0,2.127=25,4 g
c,
Theo PTHH, nHCl=2nFe=0,4 mol
mHCl=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6 g
Phản ứng xảy ra:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2Alcl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có:
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{Al}=\frac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7gam\rightarrow m_{Al_2O_2}=10,2gam\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\frac{2,7}{12,9}=20,93\%\rightarrow\%m_{Al_2O_2}=79,07\%\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{10,2}{27.2+16.3}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,9.36,5=32,85gam\)
\(\rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\frac{32,85}{3,65\%}=900gam\)