Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức
C = 25x2 + 20x + 5/ 2
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a) Ta có: \(25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3\ge3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
b) Ta có: \(9x^2-6x+2\)
\(=9x^2-6x+1+1\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
c) Ta có: \(-x^2+2x-2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0
hay x=1
d) Ta có: \(x^2+12x+39\)
\(=x^2+12x+36+3\)
\(=\left(x+6\right)^2+3\ge3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-6
e) Ta có: \(-x^2-12x\)
\(=-\left(x^2+12x+36-36\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+6\right)^2+36\le36\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-6
f) Ta có: \(4x-x^2+1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
a) Ta có: \(25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3\ge3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
b) Ta có: \(9x^2-6x+2\)
\(=9x^2-6x+1+1\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
c) Ta có: \(-x^2+2x-2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
( Mình trình bày mẫu câu a các câu khác mình làm tắt lại nhưng tương tự trình bày câu a nha )
a, Ta có : \(25x^2-20x+7=\left(5x\right)^2-2.5x.2+2^2+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3\)
Thấy : \(\left(5x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5x-2\right)^2+3\ge3\forall x\in R\)
Vậy \(Min=3\Leftrightarrow5x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
b, \(=9x^2-2.3x+1+1=\left(3x-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Vậy Min = 1 <=> x = 1/3
c, \(=-x^2+2x-1-1=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-1=-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\)
Vậy Max = -1 <=> x = 1
d, \(=x^2+2.x.6+36+3=\left(x+6\right)^2+3\ge3\)
Vậy Min = 3 <=> x = - 6
e, \(=-x^2-2.x.6-36+36=-\left(x+6\right)^2+36\le36\)
Vậy Max = 36 <=> x = -6 .
f, \(=-x^2+4x-4+5=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\)
Vậy Max = 5 <=> x = 2
\(C=16x^2-8x+2024\)
\(\Rightarrow C=16x^2-8x+1+2023\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left(4x-1\right)^2+2023\ge2023\left(\left(4x-1\right)^2\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\left(C\right)=2023\)
\(D=-25x^2+50x-2023\)
\(\Rightarrow D=-\left(25x^2-50x+25\right)-1998\)
\(\Rightarrow D=-\left(5x-5\right)^2-1998\le1998\left(-\left(5x-5\right)^2\le0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(D\right)=1998\)
\(B=-x^2+20x+100=-\left(x^2-20x+100\right)+200=-\left(x-10\right)^2+200\le200\left(-\left(x-10\right)^2\le0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(B\right)=200\)
\(E=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=4x^2-4x+1-\left(3x^2-13x-10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=4x^2-4x+1-3x^2+13x+10\)
\(\Rightarrow E=x^2+9x+11=x^2+9x+\dfrac{81}{4}-\dfrac{81}{4}+11\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\left(x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{37}{4}\ge-\dfrac{37}{4}\left(\left(x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)^2\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\left(E\right)=-\dfrac{37}{4}\)
\(F=\left(3x-5\right)^2-\left(3x+2\right)\left(4x-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow F=9x^2-30x+25-\left(12x^2+3x-2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3x^2-33x+27=-3\left(x^2-10x+9\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+48=-3\left(x-5\right)^2+48\le48\left(-3\left(x-5\right)^2\le0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(F\right)=48\)
\(C=x^2+y^2-x+6x+10\\ =x^2+5x+y^2+10\\ =x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{25}{4}+y^2+\dfrac{15}{4}\\ =\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+y^2+\dfrac{15}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+y^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+y^2+\dfrac{15}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{4}\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy GTNN của C là \(\dfrac{15}{4}\) khi x = \(-\dfrac{5}{2}\) và y = 0
\(a,\\ A=25x^2-10x+11\\ =\left(5x\right)^2-2.5x.1+1^2+10\\ =\left(5x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\forall x\in R\\ Vậy:min_A=10.khi.5x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\ B=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(11-x\right)^2\\ =\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+\left(121-22x+x^2\right)\\ =x^2+x^2-6x-22x+9+121=2x^2-28x+130\\ =2\left(x^2-14x+49\right)+32\\ =2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\\ Vì:2\left(x-7\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\\ Nên:2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\ge32\forall x\in R\\ Vậy:min_B=32.khi.\left(x-7\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=7\\Tương.tự.cho.biểu.thức.C\)
b:
\(D=-25x^2+10x-1-10\)
\(=-\left(25x^2-10x+1\right)-10\)
\(=-\left(5x-1\right)^2-10< =-10\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/5
\(E=-9x^2-6x-1+20\)
\(=-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20\)
\(=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20< =20\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/3
\(F=-x^2+2x-1+1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1< =1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1
`a)100x^2-20x+1`
`=(10x-1)^2`
Thay `x=1/10`
`=>100x^2-20x+1=(1-1)^2=0`
`b)49x^2-42x+10`
`=49*4/49-42*2/7+10`
`=4-12+10=2`
`c)25x^2+40x+16y^2`
`=(5x+4y)^2=(2+3)^2=25`
Đặt \(A=100x^2-20x+2y^2+20y-9\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(100x^2-20x+1\right)+\left(2y^2+20y+50\right)-60\)
\(=\left(10x-1\right)^2+2\left(y^2+10y+25\right)-60\)
\(=\left(10x-1\right)^2+2\left(y+5\right)^2-60\)
Vì \(\left(10x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\), \(2\left(y+5\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(10x-1\right)^2+2\left(y+5\right)^2-60\ge-60\forall x,y\)
hay \(A\ge-60\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}10x-1=0\\y+5=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}10x=1\\y=-5\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{10}\\y=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(minA=-60\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{10}\\y=-5\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : Đặt A = 100x2 - 20x + 2y2 + 20y - 9
= (100x2 - 20x + 1 ) + (2y2 + 20y + 50) - 60
= [(10x)2 - 10x - 10x + 1] + 2(y2 - 10y + 25) - 60
= [10x(10x - 1) - (10x - 1)] + 2(y2 - 5y - 5y + 25) - 60
= (10x - 1)(10x - 1) + 2[y(y - 5) - 5(y - 5)] - 60
= (10x - 1)2 + 2(y - 5)2 - 60
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(10x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\2\left(y-5\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(10x-1\right)^2+2\left(y-5\right)^2-60\ge-60\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}10x-1=0\\y-5=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{10}\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min A = -60 <=> x = 1/10 ; y = 5
\(A=x^2+3x-5=x^2+3x+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{29}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{29}{4}\ge-\frac{29}{4}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=-\frac{29}{4}\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
C = 25x2 + 20x + 5/2
C = 25( x2 + 4/5x + 4/25 ) - 3/2
C = 25( x + 2/5 )2 - 3/2
25( x + 2/5 )2 ≥ 0 ∀ x => 25( x + 2/5 )2 - 3/2 ≥ -3/2
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 2/5 = 0 => x = -2/5
=> MinC = -3/2 <=> x = -2/5
\(C=25x^2+20x+\frac{5}{2}=25x^2+20x+4-\frac{3}{2}\)
\(=25\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{3}{2}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow25\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2-\frac{3}{2}\ge-\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow25\left(x+\frac{2}{5}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{2}{5}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{2}{5}\)
Vậy Cmin = -3/2 <=> x = -2/5