Cho x+y=3, x.y=2
Tính x^2+y^2; x^3+y^3; x^4+y^4; x^5+y^5; x^6+y^6 ?
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= ( x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 ) - 6xy - 3x2 - 3y2 + 3x + 3y + 2012
= ( x + y )3 - 3xy - 3x2 - 3xy - y2 + 3. ( x + y ) + 2012
= ( x + y )3 - 3x ( x + y ) - 3y .( x + y ) + 3.( x + y ) + 2012
= ( x + y )3 - 3.( x + y ) ( x + y ) + 3( x + y ) + 2012
= 1013 - 3.1012 + 3.101 + 2012
= 1002013
Sửa đề: Các dấu bằng ở yêu cầu là dấu cộng.
1. Có: \(x+y=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=3^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=9-2\cdot1=7\) (do \(xy=1\))
\(------\)
Lại có: \(x+y=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3=3^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)=27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3\cdot1\cdot3=27\) (do x + y = 3; xy = 1)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3=18\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=7^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+2\cdot\left(xy\right)^2=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4=49-2\cdot1=47\) (do xy = 1)
\(\text{a) Ta có:}xy=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2xy=2\\-2xy=-2\end{cases}}\)
\(\text{Ta lại có: }x^2+y^2=2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2+2xy=2+2=4\\x^2+y^2-2xy=2-2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y\right)^2=4\\\left(x-y\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\pm2\\x-y=0\end{cases}}}\)
\(\text{b) Ta có: }x+y=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+4+y^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=21\)
\(\text{b) Ta có: }x^2+y^2=21\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2=21-2xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=21-4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=17\)
\(\Rightarrow x-y=\pm\sqrt{17}\)
Ta có : \(A=x^2+y^2=x^2+2xy+y^2-2xy\)
\(A=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
Với \(x+y=3\) và \(xy=-10\)
\(\Rightarrow A=3^2-2.\left(-10\right)\)
\(A=9+20\)
\(A=29\)
Tương tự : \(B=x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy.\left(x+y\right)\)
\(B=\left(3\right)^3-3.\left(-10\right).3\)
\(B=117\)
a)
A=\(x^2+y^2=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=a^2-2b\)
\(B=x^3+y^3=\left(x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\right)-3x^2y-3xy^2=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=a^3-3ab\)
\(C=x^5+y^5=\left(x^5+y^5+5x^4y+10x^3y^2+10x^2y^3+5xy^4\right)-5x^4y-10x^3y^2-10x^2y^3-5xy^4\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^5-5xy\left(x^3+2xy^2+2x^2y+y^3\right)=\left(x+y\right)^5-5xy\left(x^3+3xy^2+3x^2y+y^3-xy^2-x^2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^5-5xy\left(\left(x+y\right)^3-xy\left(x+y\right)\right)=a^5-5b\left(a^3-ab\right)\)
\(B=x^3-y^3+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^3+3xy\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=4^3+3\cdot5\cdot4+4^2\)
\(=64+16+60\)
=140
\(B=x^3-y^3+\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)+3xy\right]=4\left(4^2+4+3.5\right)=140\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^3}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^3}{x^2}+2020=\dfrac{x^5+y^5}{\left(xy\right)^2}+2020=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(xy\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]-\left(-2\right)^2.5}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-8+6.5\right)\left(25+4\right)-20}{4}=...\)
CÓ: \(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=3^2-2.2=5\)
CÓ: \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=3\left(5-2\right)=3.3=9\)
CÓ: \(x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2x^2y^2=5^2-2.2^2=25-8=17\)
CÓ: \(x^5+y^5=\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x+y\right)-x^4y-xy^4=3.17-xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)
\(=51-2.9=51-18=33\)
CÓ: \(x^6+y^6=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^5+y^5\right)-xy^5-x^5y\)
\(=3.33-xy\left(x^4+y^4\right)=3.33-2.17\)
\(=99-34=65\)
\(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=3^2-2.2=9-4=5\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=3^3-3.2.3=27-18=9\)
\(x^4+y^4=\left(x+y\right)^4-4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)-3xy.2xy\)
\(=3^4-4.2.5-3.2.2.2=81-40-24=17\)
a) Ta có x + y = 25
=> (x + y)2 = 625
=> x2 + y2 + 2xy = 625
=> x2 + y2 + 10 = 625
=> x2 +y2 = 615
b) Ta có x + y = 3
=> (x + y)3 = 27
=> x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 = 27
=> x3 + y3 + 3xy(x + y) = 27
=> x3 + y3 + 9xy = 27
Lại có x + y = 3
=> (x + y)2 = 9
=> x2 + y2 + 2xy = 9
=> 2xy = 4
=> xy = 2
Khi đó x3 + y3 + 9xy + 27
=> x3 + y3 + 18 = 27
=> x3 + y3 = 9
c) Ta có x - y = 5
=> (x - y)2 = 25
=> x2 + y2 - 2xy = 25
=> 2xy = -10
=> xy = -5
Khi đó : x3 - y3 = (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2) = 5(15 - 5) = 5.10 = 50
Bài 4.
a) x2 + y2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 - 2xy
= ( x2 + 2xy + y2 ) - 2xy
= ( x + y )2 - 2xy
= 252 - 2.136
= 625 - 272
= 353
b) x + y = 3
⇔ ( x + y )2 = 9
⇔ x2 + 2xy + y2 = 9
⇔ 5 + 2xy = 9 ( gt x2 + y2 = 5 )
⇔ 2xy = 4
⇔ xy = 2
x3 + y3 = x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 - 3x2y - 3xy2
= ( x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 ) - ( 3x2y + 3xy2 )
= ( x + y )3 - 3xy( x + y )
= 33 - 3.2.3
= 27 - 18
= 9
Gọi x,y là nghiệm của phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=x+y=3\\P=x.y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a^2-S.a+P=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a+2=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a_1=x=2\\a_2=y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(x^2+y^2=1^2+2^2=5\)
b)\(x^3+y^3=1^3+2^3=9\)
c)\(x^4+y^4=1^4+2^4=17\)
d)\(x^5+y^5=1^5+2^5=33\)
e)\(x^6+y^6=1^6+2^6=65\)