Cho a,b>0 . Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức :
\(P=\frac{2020}{a+b}+\frac{a}{b+2019}+\frac{b}{4039}+\frac{2019}{a+2020}\)
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\(a+b+c=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(a+b+c\right)=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge2\sqrt{a.\frac{1}{a}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{1}{b}}+2\sqrt{c.\frac{1}{c}}\)
\(=2+2+2=6\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)
\(P=a+b^{2019}+c^{2020}\)
\(=a+\left(b^{2019}+1.2018\right)+\left(c^{2020}+1.2019\right)-4037\)
\(\ge a+2019.\sqrt[2019]{b^{2019}.1^{2018}}+2020.\sqrt[2020]{c^{2020}.1^{2019}}-4037\)(BDT Cauchy-Schwarz)
\(=a+2019b+2020c-4037\)
Do \(a\le b\le c\)nên
\(\Rightarrow P\ge a+2019b+2020c\)
\(\ge a+\left(\frac{2017}{3}+\frac{4040}{3}\right)b+\left(\frac{2020}{3}+\frac{4040}{3}\right)c-4037\)
\(\ge a+\frac{2017}{3}a+\frac{4040}{3}b+\frac{2020}{3}a+\frac{4040}{3}c-4037\)
\(=\frac{4040}{3}.\left(a+b+c\right)-4037\)
\(\ge4040-4037=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(B=\frac{2018}{2019+2020}+\frac{2019}{2019+2020}< \frac{2018}{2019}+\frac{2019}{2020}=A\)
\(\Rightarrow B< A\)
Ta có: \(C=\frac{\left|x-2019\right|+2020}{\left|x-2019\right|+2021}=\frac{\left|x-2019\right|+2021-1}{\left|x-2019\right|+2021}=1-\frac{1}{\left|x-2019\right|+2021}\)
=> C đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất khi \(\frac{1}{\left|x-2019\right|+2021}\) lớn nhất
=> |x - 2019| + 2021 nhỏ nhất
Ta có: \(\left|x-2019\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-2019\right|+2021\ge2021\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 2019 = 0
=> x = 2019
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{\left|2019-2019\right|+2020}{\left|2019-2019\right|+2021}=\frac{2020}{2021}\)
Vậy \(MinC=\frac{2020}{2021}\Leftrightarrow x=2019\).
1. A = 100
2. B = 2098
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làm nốt câu này rồi đi ngủ
\(Q=\frac{|x-2020|+|x-2019|+2019+1}{|x-2019|+|x-2020|+2019}=1+\frac{1}{|x-2020|+|x-2019|+2019}\)
Để Q đạt GTLN thì \(|x-2020|+|x-2019|+2019\)đạt GTNN
Ta có : \(|x-2020|+|x-2019|+2019=|x-2020|+|2019-x|+2019\)
Sử dụng BĐT /a/ + /b/ >= /a+b/ ta được :
\(|x-2020|+|2019-x|+2019\ge|x-2020+2019-x|+2019=2020\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(x-2020\right)\left(2019-x\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow2020\ge x\ge2019\)
Khi đó : \(Q=1+\frac{1}{|x-2020|+|x-2019|+2019}\le1+\frac{1}{2020}=\frac{2021}{2020}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(2019\le x\le2020\)
\(2a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{b^2}{4}=4\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}-2\right)+\left(a^2+\frac{b^2}{4}-ab\right)=4-ab-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(a-\frac{b}{2}\right)^2=2-ab\)
\(VF=2-ab=\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b-\frac{b}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
Hay \(ab\le2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{1}{a}\\b=\frac{b}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(a;b\right)=\left(1;\frac{1}{2}\right)\\\left(a;b\right)=\left(-1;-\frac{1}{2}\right)\end{cases}}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020=c\\2019=d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{a}{b+d}+\frac{b}{c+d}+\frac{d}{a+c}=\frac{c^2}{ac+bc}+\frac{a^2}{ab+ad}+\frac{b^2}{bc+bd}+\frac{d^2}{ad+cd}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{ac+ab+bd+cd+2ad+2bc}=\frac{\left(a+d+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)+2ad+2bc}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a+d\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+2\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)+2ad+2bc}\ge\frac{4ad+4bc+2\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)+2ad+2bc}=2\)
\(P_{min}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=d\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2019\\b=2020\end{matrix}\right.\)