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16 tháng 6 2020

đặt \(t=a+b\) từ GT => \(3=t^2-ab\ge\frac{3}{4}t^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(-2\le t\le2\)

\(P=-4t^3-3t^2+18t+9=\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{-1}{4}\left(2t+3\right)^2\left(4t-9\right)-\frac{45}{4}\ge\frac{-45}{4}\left(dungvoit\le2\right)\\-\left(t-1\right)^2\left(4t+11\right)+20\le20\left(dungvoit\ge-2\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(P_{min}=\frac{-45}{4}\) tại 

\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2+ab=3\\a+b=\frac{-3}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b\right)=\left\{\left(\frac{-3-\sqrt{21}}{4};\frac{-3+\sqrt{21}}{4}\right);\left(\frac{-3+\sqrt{21}}{4};\frac{-3-\sqrt{21}}{4}\right)\right\}\)

\(P_{max}=20\) tại \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2+ab=3\\a+b=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b\right)=\left\{\left(2;-1\right);\left(-1;2\right)\right\}\)

NV
23 tháng 1 2021

\(abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(3-2a\right)\left(3-2b\right)\left(3-2c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9abc\ge12\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-27\)

\(\Rightarrow abc\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{9}{a\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{3+abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

NV
27 tháng 7 2021

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=9\Rightarrow-3\le a+b+c\le3\)

\(S=a+b+c+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a+b+c-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Đặt \(a+b+c=x\Rightarrow-3\le x\le3\)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+x-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)

\(S_{min}=-2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=-1\\a^2+b^2+c^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (có vô số bộ a;b;c thỏa mãn)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+2x-15\right)+6=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)+6\le6\)

\(S_{max}=6\) khi \(x=3\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)

NV
18 tháng 8 2021

\(9=3a^2+2b^2+2bc+2c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2a^2+b^2+c^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2a^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2a-b-c\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow-3\le a+b+c\le3\)

\(T_{max}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(T_{min}=-3\) khi \(a=b=c=-1\)

18 tháng 8 2021

con cảm ơn thầy ah.