Cho các số nguyên dương a,b,c thỏa mãn đồng thời các điều kiện: \(\sqrt{a-b+c}=\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)và \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)
MN giúp em với ạ em đang cần gấp. Cảm ơn
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ap dung bdt am gm
\(\sqrt{1+8a^3}=\sqrt{\left(1+2a\right)\left(4a^2-4a+1\right)}\)\(\le\frac{1+2a+4a^2-2a+1}{2}=\frac{4a^2+2}{2}=2a^2+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+8a^3}}\ge\frac{1}{2a^2+1}\)
tuongtu ta cung co \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+8b^3}}\ge\frac{1}{2b^2+1};\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+8c^3}}\ge\frac{1}{2c^2+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)VT\(\ge\frac{1}{2a^2+1}+\frac{1}{2b^2+1}+\frac{1}{2c^2+1}\)
tiep tuc ap dung bat cauchy-schwarz dang engel ta co
\(VT\ge\frac{1}{2a^2+1}+\frac{1}{2b^2+1}+\frac{1}{2c^2+1}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3}=\frac{3^2}{6+3}=1\)(dpcm)
dau = xay ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}=a+b+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{2}}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(b+c+\sqrt{2\left(b+a\right)}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}\);
\(\frac{1}{\left(c+b+\sqrt{\left(c+b\right)}\right)^3}\le\frac{2}{27\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)
Cộng theo bất đẳng thức trên ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c+\sqrt{2\left(b+a\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a+\sqrt{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)^3}\)
\(\le\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+b+\sqrt{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c+\sqrt{2\left(b+a\right)}\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a+\sqrt{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)^3}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh, bất đẳng thức xày ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=a+2\sqrt{ac}+c=2b+2\sqrt{ac}\)(1)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}{b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)(Nhân cả tử & mẫu với \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\))
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)(2)
Thế (1) và (2) => \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2b+\sqrt{ca}}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=\frac{2\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}\)(đpcm).
\(\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\right)^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\frac{4}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\ge4\)
\(\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{8}\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{a+b}\ge-\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge4-\frac{1}{8}=\frac{31}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=4\)