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b) \(\frac{\frac{2}{3}+\frac{5}{7}+\frac{4}{21}}{\frac{5}{6}+\frac{11}{7}-\frac{7}{21}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{29}{21}+\frac{4}{21}}{\frac{101}{42}-\frac{7}{21}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{11}{7}}{\frac{29}{14}}\)
\(=\frac{22}{29}.\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
M = \(\frac{1}{3}\)+ \(\frac{1}{6}\)+ \(\frac{1}{10}\)+ \(\frac{1}{15}\)( Mẫu chung: 60 )
M = \(\frac{20}{60}\)+ \(\frac{10}{60}\)+ \(\frac{6}{60}\)+ \(\frac{4}{60}\)
M = \(\frac{40}{60}\)
M = \(\frac{2}{3}\)
bài 1) Đặt \(B=\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\)
Ta có: \(A=B.\left(\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n}{p-m}\right)=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}\)
\(B.\frac{p}{m-n}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{p}{m-n}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}\)
\(=1+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{p}{m-n}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left(\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\left[\frac{\left(n-p\right).n}{mn}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).m}{mn}\right]=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{n^2-np+pm-m^2}{mn}\)
\(=1+\frac{p}{m-n}.\frac{\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(m-n\right).\left(p-m-n\right)}{\left(m-n\right).mn}=1+\frac{p.\left(p-m-n\right)}{mn}\)
\(=1+\frac{p^2-pm-pn}{mn}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(m+n\right)}{mn}\)
Vì m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p
\(=>B.\frac{p}{m-n}=1+\frac{p^2-p.\left(-p\right)}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^2}{mn}=1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\left(1\right)\)
\(B.\frac{m}{n-p}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{m}{n-p}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}\)
\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{m}{n-p}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{m}{n-p}=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).n}{np}+\frac{\left(p-m\right).p}{np}\right]=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{mn-n^2+p^2-mp}{np}\)
\(=1+\frac{m}{n-p}.\frac{\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m.\left(n-p\right).\left(m-n-p\right)}{\left(n-p\right).np}=1+\frac{m.\left(m-n-p\right)}{np}\)
\(=1+\frac{m^2-mn-mp}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m\left(n+p\right)}{np}=1+\frac{m^2-m.\left(-m\right)}{np}=1+\frac{2m^2}{np}=1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\left(2\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>n+p=-m)
\(B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}+\frac{p-m}{n}\right).\frac{n}{p-m}=\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{p-m}{n}.\frac{n}{p-m}\)
\(=1+\frac{m-n}{p}.\frac{n}{p-m}+\frac{n-p}{m}.\frac{n}{p-m}=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left(\frac{m-n}{p}+\frac{n-p}{m}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\left[\frac{\left(m-n\right).m}{pm}+\frac{\left(n-p\right).p}{pm}\right]=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{m^2-mn+np-p^2}{pm}\)
\(=1+\frac{n}{p-m}.\frac{\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(p-m\right).\left(n-p-m\right)}{\left(p-m\right).pm}=1+\frac{n.\left(n-p-m\right)}{pm}\)
\(=1+\frac{n^2-np-mn}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n\left(p+m\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{n^2-n.\left(-n\right)}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^2}{pm}=1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\left(3\right)\) (vì m+n+p=0=>p+m=-n)
Từ (1),(2),(3) suy ra :
\(A=B.\frac{p}{m-n}+B.\frac{m}{n-p}+B.\frac{n}{p-m}=\left(1+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}\right)\)
\(=3+\frac{2p^3}{mnp}+\frac{2m^3}{mnp}+\frac{2n^3}{mnp}=3+\frac{2.\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)}{mnp}\)
*Tới đây để tính được m3+n3+p3,ta cần CM được bài toán phụ sau:
Đề: Cho m+n+p=0.CMR: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=3mnp\)
Từ m+n+p=0=>m+n=-p
Ta có: \(m^3+n^3+p^3=\left(m+n\right)^3-3m^2n-3mn^2+p^3=-p^3-3mn\left(m+n\right)+p^3\)
\(=-3mn\left(m+n\right)=-3mn.\left(-p\right)=3mnp\)
Vậy ta đã CM được bài toán phụ
*Trở lại bài toán chính: \(A=3+\frac{2.3mnp}{mnp}=3+\frac{6mnp}{mnp}=3+6=9\)
Vậy A=9
bài 2)
a)Nhận thấy các thừa số của A đều có dạng tổng quát sau:
\(n^3+1=n^3+1^3=\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-n+1\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\left(n+1\right).\left(n^2-2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)
\(n^3-1=n^3-1^3=\left(n-1\right)\left(n^2+n+1\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+n+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right).\left(n^2+2.n.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]=\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]\)
suy ra \(\frac{n^3+1}{n^3-1}=\frac{\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(n-1\right).\left[\left(n+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{2^3+1}{2^3-1}=\frac{\left(2+1\right).\left[\left(2-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(2-1\right).\left[\left(2+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{3.\left(1,5^2+0,75\right)}{1.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
\(\frac{3^3+1}{3^3-1}=\frac{\left(3+1\right).\left[\left(3-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(3-1\right).\left[\left(3+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{4.\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)}{2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
...........................
\(\frac{10^3+1}{10^3-1}=\frac{\left(10+1\right).\left[\left(10-0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}{\left(10-1\right).\left[\left(10+0,5\right)^2+0,75\right]}=\frac{11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{9.\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}\)
\(=>A=\frac{3\left(1,5^2+0,75\right).4\left(2,5^2+0,75\right)........11.\left(9,5^2+0,75\right)}{1\left(2,5^2+0,75\right).2.\left(3,5^2+0,75\right)........9\left(10,5^2+0,75\right)}=\frac{3.4........11}{1.2......9}.\frac{1,5^2+0,75}{10,5^2+0,75}\)
\(=\frac{10.11}{2}.\frac{1}{37}=\frac{2036}{37}\)
Vậy A=2036/37
b) có thể ở chỗ 1+1/4 bn nhầm,phải là \(1^4+\frac{1}{4}\) ,mà chắc cũng chẳng sao,vì 14=1 mà
Nhận thấy các thừa số của B có dạng tổng quát:
\(n^4+\frac{1}{4}=n^4+n^2+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2\right)^2+2.n^2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-n^2=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-n^2\)
\(=\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}-n\right)\left(n^2+\frac{1}{2}+n\right)\)
\(B=\frac{\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1\right).\left(1^2+\frac{1}{2}+1\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}+3\right).\left(3^2+\frac{1}{2}-3\right)..........\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}-9\right).\left(9^2+\frac{1}{2}+9\right)}{\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}-2\right).\left(2^2+\frac{1}{2}+2\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}-4\right).\left(4^2+\frac{1}{2}+4\right)......\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}-10\right).\left(10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10\right)}\)
Mặt khác,ta cũng có: \(\left(a+1\right)^2-\left(a+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+2a+1-a-1+\frac{1}{2}=a^2+a+\frac{1}{2}\)
Suy ra \(B=\frac{1^2+\frac{1}{2}-1}{10^2+\frac{1}{2}+10}=\frac{1}{221}\)
Vậy B=1/221
\(M=\frac{2.\left(\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}{-5.\left(\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}+\frac{\frac{1}{17}-\frac{1}{23}+\frac{1}{31}}{3.\left(\frac{1}{17}-\frac{1}{23}+\frac{1}{31}\right)}=-\frac{2}{5}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{15}.\)
1) Ta có: \(2\cdot\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{3}{8}\right|-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\)
⇔\(2\cdot\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{3}{8}\right|=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{7}{4}\)
⇔\(\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{3}{8}\right|=\frac{7}{4}:2=\frac{7}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{2}=\frac{7}{8}\)
⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{3}{8}=\frac{7}{8}\\\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{3}{8}=\frac{-7}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}x=\frac{10}{8}\\\frac{1}{2}x=\frac{-4}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{10}{8}:\frac{1}{2}=\frac{10}{8}\cdot2=\frac{20}{8}=\frac{5}{2}\\x=\frac{-4}{8}:\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{4}{8}\cdot2=-\frac{8}{8}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{\frac{5}{2};-1\right\}\)
2) Ta có: \(-5\cdot\left(x+\frac{1}{5}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(x-\frac{2}{3}\right)=\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{5}{6}\)
⇔\(-5x-1-\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{5}{6}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x+\frac{1}{6}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x=-\frac{1}{6}\)
hay \(x=\frac{1}{42}\)
Vậy: \(x=\frac{1}{42}\)
3) Ta có: \(3\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)-5\left(x+\frac{3}{5}\right)=-x+\frac{1}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-\frac{3}{2}-5x-3+x-\frac{1}{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x-\frac{47}{10}=0\)
⇔\(-x=\frac{47}{10}\)
hay \(x=\frac{-47}{10}\)
Vậy: \(x=\frac{-47}{10}\)
4) Ta có: \(\frac{3}{4}-2\left|2x-0,125\right|=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left|2x-\frac{1}{8}\right|=\frac{3}{4}-2=-\frac{5}{4}\)
⇔\(\left|2x-\frac{1}{8}\right|=-\frac{5}{8}\)(vô lý)
Vậy: x∈∅
5) Ta có: \(2\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}\right|-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\)
⇔\(2\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}\right|=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{7}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}\right|=\frac{7}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{7}{8}\\\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{-7}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}x=\frac{7}{8}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{29}{24}\\\frac{1}{2}x=-\frac{7}{8}+\frac{1}{3}=-\frac{13}{24}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{29}{24}:\frac{1}{2}=\frac{29}{24}\cdot2=\frac{29}{12}\\x=-\frac{13}{24}:\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{13}{24}\cdot2=-\frac{13}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{\frac{29}{12};\frac{-13}{12}\right\}\)
\(\frac{1}{M}=\frac{1}{\frac{3.4}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{4.5}{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\frac{59.60}{2}}\)
\(\frac{1}{M}=\frac{2}{3.4}+\frac{2}{4.5}+...+\frac{2}{59.60}\)
\(\frac{1}{M}=2.\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+.....+\frac{1}{59}-\frac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{M}=\frac{2}{3}-\frac{2}{60}< \frac{2}{3}\)
-theo t đề là M chứ ko phải 1/M
a. \(\frac{7}{9}:\left(2+\frac{3}{4}x\right)+\frac{5}{9}=\frac{23}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{7}{9}:\left(2+\frac{3}{4}x\right)=\frac{23}{27}-\frac{5}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{7}{9}:\left(2+\frac{3}{4}x\right)=\frac{8}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow2+\frac{3}{4}x=\frac{7}{9}:\frac{8}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow2+\frac{3}{4}x=\frac{21}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{4}x=\frac{21}{8}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{4}x=\frac{5}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{8}:\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{6}\)
b. \(\frac{-2}{3}x+\frac{1}{5}=\frac{3}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{-2}{3}x=\frac{3}{10}-\frac{1}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{-2}{3}x=\frac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{10}:\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-3}{20}\)
c. \(\left|x\right|-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{5}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=\frac{5}{3}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=\frac{29}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{29}{12}\) hoặc \(x=-\frac{29}{12}\)
