Cho các số thực dương a,b,c. CM
R \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)-3\)
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\(\frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{1}{\left(bc\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+1=\frac{1}{\left(bc\right)^2}+1\ge2\frac{1}{bc}=2a\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{2a}{b+c};y=\frac{2b}{c+a};z=\frac{2c}{a+b}\)thì ta có \(xy+yz+zx+xyz=4\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh trở thành: \(x^2+y^2+z^2+5xyz\ge4\)
Đặt \(x+y+z=p;xy+yz+zx=q;xyz=r\)thì \(q+r=4\)và ta cần chứng minh \(p^2-2q+5r\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow p^2-2q+5\left(r-4\right)+12\ge0\Leftrightarrow p^2-7q+12\ge0\)
*) Nếu \(4\ge p\)thì theo Schur, ta có: \(r\ge\frac{p\left(4q-p^2\right)}{9}\Leftrightarrow4\ge q+\frac{p\left(4q-p^2\right)}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow q\le\frac{p^3+36}{4p+9}\)
Nên ta cần chỉ ra rằng \(p^2-\frac{7\left(p^3+6\right)}{4p+9}+12\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(p-3\right)\left(p^2-6\right)\le0\)*đúng vì \(4\ge p\ge\sqrt{3q}\ge3\)*
*) Nếu \(p\ge4\)thì \(p^2\ge16\ge4q\Rightarrow p^2-2q+5r\ge p^2-2q\ge\frac{p^2}{2}\ge8\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1 hoặc \(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(2,2,0\right)\)và các hoán vị
Tuyệt quá,
Bất đẳng thức \(\frac{a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b^2}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{kabc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{8}k\)
có hằng số k tốt nhất là 10.
Tức là bài toán này đúng với mọi \(k\le10\)!
Đặt \(a-b=x;b-c=y;c-a=z\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)
Lúc đó: \(B=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
Mà \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow2\left(x+y+z\right)=0\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{xz}+\frac{2}{xy}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{bc}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{ac}=\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}+6\)
\(bđt\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}\ge3+2\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+c}\right)\)
Mà: \(\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}=a\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\ge\frac{4a}{b+c}+\frac{4b}{a+c}+\frac{4c}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+c}\right)\ge3\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+c}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
bđt cuối đúng theo Nesbit. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2-2a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2-2b\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{\left(b+a\right)^2+c^2-2c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-2\left(\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+c^2}\right)\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+c^2}\le\frac{6}{5}\)
Chuẩn hóa \(a+b+c=3\) (hay đặt \(x=\frac{3a}{a+b+c};y=\frac{3b}{a+b+c};z=\frac{3c}{a+b+c}\))
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(\frac{a\left(3-a\right)}{\left(3-a\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{b\left(3-b\right)}{\left(3-b\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{c\left(3-c\right)}{\left(3-c\right)^2+c^2}\le\frac{6}{5}\)
Ta có đánh giá: \(\frac{a\left(3-a\right)}{\left(3-a\right)^2+a^2}\le\frac{9a+1}{25}\) ; \(\forall a\in\left(0;3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2\left(2a+1\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b\left(3-b\right)}{\left(3-b\right)^2+b^2}\le\frac{9b+1}{25};\frac{c\left(3-c\right)}{\left(3-c\right)^2+c^2}\le\frac{9c+1}{25}\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(VT\le\frac{9\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{25}=\frac{30}{25}=\frac{6}{5}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
=> BDT cần CMR <=> \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}\ge\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+a^2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{a^2+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab^2}{2ab}=a-\frac{b}{2}\)
=>VT\(\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\) (Hơi tắt nên tự hiểu)
Ta đi Cm \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+a^2}\)
<=> \(\frac{a+b+c}{2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2}{a^2+c^2}\ge3\)(*)
\(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2}{c^2+a^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
=>VT (*) \(\ge3\). Từ đó ta có dpcm
Kiêm đâu lắm bài bdt hay. Gửi link
Gọi A là vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh. Không mất tính tổng quát, ta giả sử a + b + c = 3. Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8ab\left(4a+4b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8bc\left(4a+4b+c\right)}}+\frac{ab\left(4a+4b+c\right)}{27}\)\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)
Suy ra
\(\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8ab\left(4a+4b+c\right)}}\)\(+\frac{ab\left(4a+4b+c\right)}{54}\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)\)
Tương tự
\(\sqrt{\frac{\left(b+c\right)^3}{8bc\left(4b+4c+a\right)}}+\frac{bc\left(4b+4c+a\right)}{54}\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)\)
và \(\sqrt{\frac{\left(c+a\right)^3}{8ca\left(4c+4a+b\right)}}+\frac{ca\left(4c+4a+b\right)}{54}\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(c+a\right)\)
Cộng ba BĐT trên ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}A\ge B\)
Với \(A=\frac{1}{54}[ab\left(4a+4b+c\right)+bc\left(4b+4c+a\right)\)
\(+ca\left(4c+4a+b\right)]\)
\(=\frac{1}{54}\left[4ab\left(a+b\right)+4bc\left(b+c\right)+4ca\left(c+a\right)+3abc\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{54}\left[4\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-9abc\right]\)
\(\le\frac{1}{54}\left(a+b+c\right)^3=\frac{1}{2}\)
và \(B=\frac{1}{4}.2\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}A\ge\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=1\Rightarrow A\ge2\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy
\(\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{ab\left(4a+4b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{bc\left(4a+4b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(c+a\right)^3}{ca\left(4c+4a+b\right)}}\ge2\sqrt{2}\)(đpcm)