1. a) Tìm \(n\in N\)*, \(n2008\) sao cho \(2^{2008}+2^{2012}+2^{2013}+2^{2014}+2^{2016}+2^n\) là số chính phương
b) tìm x,y > 0 thỏa mãn \(x^2+y^2=2\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-2\right)\)
2. a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ge0\\a+b\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\). Min \(A=\frac{8a^2+b}{4a}+b^2\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,b\ge0\\\left(a-b\right)^2=a+b+2\end{matrix}\right.\). Cmr: \(\left(1+\frac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)^3}\right)\left(1+\frac{b^3}{\left(b+1\right)^3}\right)\le9\)
c)...
Đọc tiếp
1. a) Tìm \(n\in N\)*, \(n>2008\) sao cho \(2^{2008}+2^{2012}+2^{2013}+2^{2014}+2^{2016}+2^n\) là số chính phương
b) tìm x,y > 0 thỏa mãn \(x^2+y^2=2\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-2\right)\)
2. a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ge0\\a+b\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\). Min \(A=\frac{8a^2+b}{4a}+b^2\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,b\ge0\\\left(a-b\right)^2=a+b+2\end{matrix}\right.\). Cmr: \(\left(1+\frac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)^3}\right)\left(1+\frac{b^3}{\left(b+1\right)^3}\right)\le9\)
c) \(x,y>0;\left(x+\sqrt{1+x^2}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{1+y^2}\right)=2020\). Min P = x + y
d) \(x,y,z>0;\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+\sqrt{y^2+z^2}+\sqrt{z^2+x^2}=6\). Min \(P=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\)
e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x,y,z>0\\x+y+z+4xyz=4\end{matrix}\right.\) Cmr: \(\left(1+xy+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+yz+\frac{z}{x}\right)\left(1+zx+\frac{x}{y}\right)\ge27\)
f) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x,y,z\ge1\\3x^2+4y^2+5z^2=52\end{matrix}\right.\). Min P = x + y + z
g) \(x,y>0\). Min \(P=\frac{2}{\sqrt{\left(2x+y\right)^3+1}-1}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{\left(x+2y\right)^3+1}-1}+\frac{\left(2x+y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}{4}-\frac{8}{3\left(x+y\right)}\)
Câu 2:
Từ điều kiện bài này có thể đặt ẩn phụ và AM-GM ra luôn kết quả, nhưng hơi rắc rối khi người ta hỏi từ đâu mà có cách đặt ẩn phụ như vậy, do đó ta giải trâu :D
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+xyz=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{4}+\frac{y^2}{4}+\frac{z^2}{4}+2\left(\frac{x}{2}.\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{2}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy}{2z}.\frac{xz}{2y}+\frac{xy}{2z}.\frac{yz}{2x}+\frac{yz}{2x}.\frac{xz}{2y}+2\left(\frac{xy}{2z}.\frac{yz}{2x}.\frac{xy}{2y}\right)=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{xy}{2z};\frac{zx}{2y};\frac{yz}{2x}\right)=\left(m;n;p\right)\Rightarrow mn+np+pn+2mnp=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(n+1\right)\left(m+1\right)\left(p+1\right)=\left(n+1\right)\left(m+1\right)+\left(n+1\right)\left(p+1\right)+\left(m+1\right)\left(p+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{n+1}+\frac{1}{m+1}+\frac{1}{p+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1=\frac{n}{n+1}+\frac{m}{m+1}+\frac{p}{p+1}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{m}+\sqrt{p}\right)^2}{m+n+p+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m+m+p+2\left(\sqrt{mn}+\sqrt{np}+\sqrt{mp}\right)\le m+n+p+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{mn}+\sqrt{np}+\sqrt{mp}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2}+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{z}{2}\le\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\le3\)
Câu 1:
\(2xyz=1-\left(x+y+z\right)+xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=2xyz+\left(x+y+z\right)-1\)
\(VT=x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(x+y+z\right)-4xyz+2\)
\(VT\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{4}{27}\left(x+y+z\right)^3+2\)
\(VT\ge\frac{4}{27}\left[\frac{15}{4}-\left(x+y+z\right)\right]\left(x+y+z-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
(Do \(0< x;y;z< 1\Rightarrow x+y+z< 3< \frac{15}{4}\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)