1. Tìm số nguyên x, biết
a) x - 43 = ( 35 - x ) - 48
b) 305 - x + 14 = 48 + ( x - 23 )
c) -( x - 6 + 85 ) = ( x + 51 ) - 54
d) -( 35 - x ) - ( 37 - x ) = 33 - x
e) 13 - | x | = | -4 |
f) | x | - 3 + 6 = 16
g) 35 - | 2x - 1 | = 14
h) | 3x - 2 | + 5 = 9 - x
a) Ta có: x-43=(35-x)-48
⇔x-43=35-x-48
⇔x-43=-x-13
⇔x-43+x+13=0
⇔2x-30=0
⇔2(x-15)=0
mà 2≠0
nên x-15=0
hay x=15
b) Ta có: 305-x+14=48+(x-23)
⇔319-x=48+x-23
⇔319-x=x+25
⇔319-x-x-25=0
⇔-2x+294=0
⇔-2x=-294
hay x=147
Vậy: x=147
c) Ta có: -(x-6+85)=(x+51)-54
⇔-x+6-85=x+51-54
⇔-x-79=x-3
⇔-x-79-x+3=0
⇔-2x-76=0
⇔-2x=76
hay x=-38
Vậy: x=-38
d) Ta có: -(35-x)-(37-x)=33-x
⇔-35+x-37+x-33+x=0
⇔3x-105=0
⇔3(x-35)=0
mà 3≠0
nên x-35=0
hay x=35
Vậy: x=35
e) Ta có: 13-|x|=|-4|
⇔13-|x|=4
⇔|x|=9
⇔x∈{9;-9}
Vậy: x∈{9;-9}
f) Ta có: |x|-3+6=16
⇔|x|+3=16
⇔|x|=13
hay x∈{-13;13}
Vậy: x∈{-13;13}
g) Ta có: 35-|2x-1|=14
⇔|2x-1|=21
⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=21\\2x-1=-21\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=22\\2x=-20\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=11\\x=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{11;-10}
h) Ta có: |3x-2|+5=9-x
⇔|3x-2|+5-9+x=0
⇔|3x-2|-4+x=0
⇔|3x-2|=0-(-4+x)
⇔|3x-2|=4-x
⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=4-x\\3x-2=x-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2-4+x=0\\3x-2-x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x-6=0\\2x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=6\\2x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3}{2}\left(ktm\right)\\x=-1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x=-1