Phân tích thành các lũy thừa bậc 2:
1) 8+2\(\sqrt{15}\)
2) 10- 2\(\sqrt{21}\)
3) 5+\(\sqrt{24}\)
4) 8-\(\sqrt{28}\)
5) 9-4\(\sqrt{2}\)
6) 51+10\(\sqrt{2}\)
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c) \(\sqrt{5+\sqrt{24}}=\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\)
d) \(\sqrt{12-\sqrt{140}}=\sqrt{12-2\sqrt{35}}=\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}\)
f) \(\sqrt{8-\sqrt{28}}=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}=\sqrt{7}-1\)
g) \(\sqrt{23-4\sqrt{15}}=\sqrt{23-2\cdot\sqrt{60}}=2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\)
h) \(\sqrt{9+4\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}=2\sqrt{2}+1\)
1) \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{3}-1\)
2) \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\)
3) \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\)
5) \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\)
6) \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\)
7) \(=\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=3+\sqrt{2}\)
\(A=4-\sqrt{21-8\sqrt{5}}=4-\sqrt{4^2-8\sqrt{5}+\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2}.\)
\(A=4-\sqrt{\left(4-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=4-\left(4-\sqrt{5}\right)\)
=> \(A=\sqrt{5}\)
Bài 1
a) Đặt VT = A
<=> \(2\sqrt{2}A=\left(8+2\sqrt{15}\right)\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{6}\right)\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)
<=> \(2\sqrt{2}A=\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2.\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right).\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
<=> \(2A=\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2.\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
<=> 2A = \(\left(5-3\right)^2=4\)
<=> A = 2
b) Đặt VT = B
<=> \(2\sqrt{2}B=\left(10+2\sqrt{21}\right).\left(\sqrt{14}-\sqrt{6}\right)\sqrt{10-2\sqrt{21}}\)
<=> \(2\sqrt{2}B=\left(\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2.\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right).\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
<=> \(2B=\left(\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2.\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2=\left(7-3\right)^2=16\)
<=> B = 8
Bài 2
Đặt VT = A
<=> A2 = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+2+\sqrt{5}-2+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}}{2}\)
<=> A2 = \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{5-4}}{2}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}+2}{2}=\sqrt{5}+1\)
<=> \(A=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}\)
a,\(\left(5+4\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3+2\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\right)\left(3-2\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\right)\)
=\(\left(5+4\sqrt{2}\right)\left(9-4\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)\right)\)
=\(\left(5+4\sqrt{2}\right)\left(9-4-4\sqrt{2}\right)\)
=\(\left(5+4\sqrt{2}\right)\left(5-4\sqrt{2}\right)=25-\left(4\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
=-7
b, \(\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}-\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\frac{9-4\sqrt{2}}{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{2}}}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{9-2\sqrt{8}}}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{8}-1\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{\left|\sqrt{8}-1\right|}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{8}-1}{2}\)
So sánh:
1) \(2\sqrt{27}\) và \(\sqrt{147}\)
+ \(2\sqrt{27}\) = \(6\sqrt{3}\)
+ \(\sqrt{147}\) = \(7\sqrt{3}\)
⇒ \(6\sqrt{3}\) < \(7\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy: \(2\sqrt{27}\)< \(\sqrt{147}\)
2) \(2\sqrt{15}\) và \(\sqrt{59}\)
+ \(2\sqrt{15}\) = \(\sqrt{60}\)
⇒ \(\sqrt{60}\) > \(\sqrt{59}\)
Vậy: \(2\sqrt{15}\) > \(\sqrt{59}\)
3) \(2\sqrt{2}-1\) và 2
\(giống\left(-1\right)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3-1\\2\sqrt{2}-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
So sánh: 3 và \(2\sqrt{2}\)
+ 3 = \(\sqrt{9}\)
+ \(2\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{8}\)
⇒ \(\sqrt{8}\) < \(\sqrt{9}\)
⇒ \(\sqrt{8}\) -1 < \(\sqrt{9}\) -1
⇒ \(2\sqrt{2}\) - 1 < 3 - 1
Vậy: \(2\sqrt{2}-1< 2\)
4) \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) và 1
+ 1 = \(\frac{2}{2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) < \(\frac{2}{2}\)
Vậy: \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) < 1
5) \(\frac{-\sqrt{10}}{2}\) và \(-2\sqrt{5}\)
+ \(-2\sqrt{5}\) = \(\frac{-4\sqrt{5}}{2}\) = \(\frac{-\sqrt{80}}{2}\)
⇒ \(\frac{-\sqrt{10}}{2}\) > \(\frac{-\sqrt{80}}{2}\)
Vậy: \(\frac{-\sqrt{10}}{2}\) > \(-2\sqrt{5}\)
1: \(=\sqrt{36}=6\)
2: \(=\sqrt{\left(15-9\right)\left(15+9\right)}=\sqrt{24\cdot6}=12\)
3: \(=3\sqrt{5}-1-3\sqrt{5}-1=-2\)
4: \(=3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}\)
5: \(=\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)=5-4=1\)
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