cho a,b,c đôi một khác nhau và (a+b).c=(b+c)/a=(c+a)/b. Tính M=(1+a/b)(1+b/c)(1+c/a)
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Câu hỏi của Chu Hoàng THủy Tiên - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath
TH1 : a + b + c ≠ 0
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{a+b+b+c+a+c}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\a+c=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó \(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{a+c}{a}=\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}=8\)
TH2 : a + b + c = 0
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó \(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{a+c}{a}=\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}=-1\)
Xét 2 TH sau:
TH1: a+b+c=0
Khi đó:
\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}\\ =-1\)
TH2: a+b+c khác 0
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Suy ra: a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b
Do đó:
\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}\\ =8\)
Xét 2 TH sau:
TH1: a+b+c=0
Khi đó:
\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}\\ =-1\)
TH2: a+b+c khác 0
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Suy ra: a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b
Do đó:
\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}\\ =8\)
a) Ta có : \(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{c}+1=\frac{b+c}{a}+1=\frac{c+a}{b}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+c}{c}\)
- TH1: Nếu a + b + c = 0 \(\Rightarrow P=\frac{a+b}{b}.\frac{b+c}{c}.\frac{a+c}{a}=\frac{-c}{b}.\frac{-a}{c}.\frac{-b}{a}=\frac{-\left(abc\right)}{abc}=-1\)
- TH2 : Nếu \(a+b+c\ne0\) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
b) Đề bài sai ^^
Dựa vào tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)}{a+b+c}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Suy ra:
\(a+b=2c;b+c=2a;c+a=2b\)
Từ đẳng thức đầu a + b = 2 c => a = 2c - b thay vào 2 đẳng thức cuối ta có:
\(b+c=2\left(2c-b\right)\) và \(c+\left(2c-b\right)=2b\)
=> b = c => a = c
Vậy a = b = c
Khi đó:
\(P=\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b=b^2+c\\b^2+c=c^2+a\\a^2+b=c^2+a\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-b^2=c-b\\b^2-c^2=a-c\\a^2-c^2=a-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=c-b\\\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)=a-c\\\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)=a-b\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{c-b}{a-b}\\b+c=\dfrac{a-c}{b-c}\\a+c=\dfrac{a-b}{a-c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-1=\dfrac{c-a}{a-b}\\b+c-1=\dfrac{a-b}{b-c}\\a+c-1=\dfrac{c-b}{a-c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow T=\left(a+b-1\right)\left(b+c-1\right)\left(a+c-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=1\)